基于系统层次的常见中药材生态种植模式及其配套技术

中药生态农业已成为全球生态农业中最富有活力和前景的新领域,发展中药材生态种植已成为我国中药农业的国家战略,受到了高度重视,已在全国蓬勃发展,并形成了一些较为成熟的中药材生态种植模式。该文基于系统层次从生态景观、生态系统、生物群落、生物种群和生物个体5个层次,在梳理景观模式、循环模式、立体模式、生物多样性模式和良种良法模式等5种基本模式的基础上,总结了8种成熟的中药材生态种植技术,包括野生抚育技术、精细农业耕作技术、定向培育技术、土壤改良技术、测土配方施肥技术、菌根栽培技术、病虫草害绿色防治技术、设施栽培技术等,旨在为中药材生态种植科学研究和推广应用提供理论依据。

Pattern and matching technology of ecological planting for Chinese materia medica based on system level

The ecological agriculture of Chinese materia medica(CMM)has become the most dynamic and promising new field in the global ecological agriculture.The development of ecological planting of CMM has become the national strategy of Chinese traditional medicine agriculture.It has been highly valued and has flourished throughout the country,and has formed some more mature ecological planting models of CMM.Based on the system level,this paper sorts out the common ecological cultivation patterns of CMM,and obtains five basic patterns:landscape pattern at the ecological landscape level,circulation pattern at the ecosystem level,stereo model at the bio-community level,biodiversity patterns at the level of biological populations and well-established models at the level of biological individuals.On this basis,eight common ecological planting techniques of CMM were obtained,includingwild tending techniques,fine agricultural farming techniques,directional cultivation techniques,soil improvement techniques,soil testing and fertilization techniques,mycorrhizal cultivation techniques,green control technology for pests and diseases and facility cultivation techniques.This paper aims to provide theoretical basis for scientific research and popularization and application of CMM ecological planting.