肿瘤专科医院护士工作投入现状及其影响因素研究

目的 了解肿瘤专科医院护士工作投入现状及其影响因素,探讨大五人格和工作接纳对工作投入的影响路径。方法 采用随机数字表进行随机抽样,应用一般资料问卷、大五人格问卷、工作相关接纳行动问卷、Utrecht工作投入量表对国内6个省市的6所三级甲等肿瘤专科医院的护士进行横断面调查。结果 共回收有效问卷1 856份,肿瘤专科医院护士工作投入总分为（48.55±18.39）分,条目均分为（3.24±1.23）分。肿瘤专科医院护士工作投入与适应性、社交性、利他性、道德感人格和工作接纳呈正相关（r=0.347,0.237,0.284,0.288,0.541,均P<0.01）,与开放性人格呈负相关（r=-0.077,P<0.01）。多元线性回归结果显示,年龄、岗位、选择护理专业的原因、工作科室、用工性质、适应性和利他性人格、工作接纳是工作投入的独立影响因素（P<0.05）,可解释总变异的37.7%。中介效应分析结果显示,工作接纳在大五人格与工作投入之间存在部分中介效应,占总效应的42.11%。结论 肿瘤专科医院护士处于中度工作投入状态,医院管理者应重视护士人格特质对工作投入的影响,通过增进工作接纳来提升其工作投入程度。

Study on the status of work engagement and its associated factors among nurses in cancer hospitals

Objective To explore the status of work engagement and its influencing factors,as well as the impact path of big-five personality and work-related acceptance on work engagement of oncology nurses. Methods Nurses from 6 cancer hospitals in 6 provinces and cities in China were randomly sampled using random number table. They were investigated by the general information questionnaire,the big-five personality questionnaire,the Work-related Acceptance and Action Questionnaire（WAAQ）,and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale（UWES）. Results The total work engagement score of 1856 nurses from cancer hospitals was 48.55±18.39,with the average item score of 3.24±1.23. Bivariate analysis revealed that work engagement was positively relevant with neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness personality, and work-related acceptance（r=0.347,0.237,0.284,0.288,0.541,P<0.01）,but negatively correlated with personality of openness（r=-0.077,P<0.01）. The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age,work post,reasons for choosing nursing specialty,working department,type of employment,personality of neuroticism,agreeableness,and work-related acceptance were the independent influencing factors of work engagement（P<0.05）,which accounted 37.7% of the total variation. Bootstrap mediation effect analysis demonstrated the partial mediating effect of work-related acceptance between big-five personality and work engagement,which explained 42.11% of the variance. Conclusion The work engagement of nurses from cancer hospitals is at relatively medium level. Hospital administrators should pay attention to the effect of nurses’ personality,promote their work-related acceptance to enhance work engagement.