居民主要食入蔬菜中210Po含量及所致公众内照射剂量估算

目的 为了调查市售蔬菜中²¹⁰Po的放射性水平，评价其对居民的影响。方法 通过市场购买叶菜类、果菜类等14种蔬菜，使用湿式消解与银片自沉积结合的方法测量各种蔬菜中²¹⁰Po活度浓度水平，与相关文献中的参考值进行对比，并进行内照射剂量估算。结果 此次研究所选取的14种蔬菜中，活度浓度范围在8.34×10^-3～1.27 Bq/kg（鲜）。菌类的香菇²¹⁰Po含量最高，为1.27 Bq/kg，高于其他几类蔬菜，叶菜类²¹⁰Po含量其次，范围在1.30×10^-2～1.74×10^-1 Bq/kg，根茎类的两种蔬菜活度浓度范围在1.77×10^-2～3.51×10^-2 Bq/kg，果菜类六种蔬菜范围在8.34×10^-3～6.19×10^-2 Bq/kg。经估算居民通过这14种蔬菜摄入²¹⁰Po的量为24.3 Bq/a，所致内照射剂量29.2 μSv/a。结论 此次调查的市售蔬菜中²¹⁰Po水平属于正常水平，不会对居民健康产生影响。

210Po content in vegetables eaten by residents and estimation of internal exposure dose

Objective In order to investigate the radioactive level of ²¹⁰Po in vegetables and evaluate its impact on residents.Method 14 types of vegetables such as leafy vegetables and fruit vegetables were purchased through the market. The activity concentration of ²¹⁰Po in these vegetables was measured using a combination of wet digestion and silver flake self-deposition, and compared with reference values in related literatures, and the internal irradiation dose was estimated.Results Among the 14 kinds of vegetables selected in this research, the activity concentration range is 8.34×10^-3 to 1.27 Bq/kg (fresh). The content of ²¹⁰Po in shiitake mushrooms is 1.27 Bq/kg, which is higher than other vegetables. The content of ²¹⁰Po in leafy vegetables is second, and the activity concentration range is 1.30×10^-2～1.74×10^-1 Bq/kg. The concentration range of tubers vegetables is from 1.77×10^-2 to 3.5×10^-2 Bq/kg, and the six fruit vegetables from 8.34×10^-3 to 6.19×10^-2 Bq/kg. It is estimated that the amount of ²¹⁰Po ingested by residents through these vegetables is 24.3 Bq, resulting in an internal radiation dose of 29.2 μSv.Conclusion The radioactive level of ²¹⁰Po in the vegetables in this investigation is normal and will not affect the health of residents.