广州市番禺区居民肝吸虫感染状况及知信行调查

目的 了解广州市番禺区居民肝吸虫感染状况,分析患者肝吸虫病相关知识、态度、行为现状,为制定防控措施提供参考。方法 采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取在当地连续居住半年以上居民,采用改良加藤厚片法进行肝吸虫虫卵检测,并对检测阳性者进行肝吸虫病相关知识、态度与行为调查。结果 共计检测4 238人,肝吸虫感染率为22.30%。肝吸虫病知晓率为71.96%,知晓肝吸虫病感染途径、对人体危害、防感染措施者分别占64.55%、36.08%、49.10%;生熟砧板（菜板）未分开、平时有生吃或半生吃淡水鱼虾者分别占60.42%、67.30%;愿意尝试吃生鱼片、得了肝吸虫病愿意花钱去买驱虫药吃、肝吸虫病治好后还会继续生吃或半生吃淡水鱼虾者分别占63.07%、76.93%、59.26%。本次检测前了解自身肝吸虫感染状况者占7.94%,男（6.34%）女（10.18%）差异有统计学意义（χ²=4.627,P=0.031）。曾接受过肝吸虫病驱虫治疗者占6.56%,男（5.07%）女（8.65%）差异有统计学意义（χ²=4.796,P=0.029）。表示曾获得过肝吸虫疾病知识宣传资料者占26.03%。不同性别、年龄、职业组间在防治知识、防治行为、防治态度方面的差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 广州市番禺区为肝吸虫病高度流行区,肝吸虫病患者肝吸虫病相关知识较高,行为与态度的正确率较低。在开展肝吸虫病相关知识宣教的同时,应重点引导患者的行为与态度的正确转变,以减少肝吸虫病的传播流行。

Survey on the status of liver fluke infection and the knowledge,attitude and behavior of the people in Panyu District,Guangzhou

Objective To understand the status of liver fluke infection in Panyu District of Guangzhou, to analyze the knowledge, attitude and behavior of patients related to liver fluke, and to provide reference for the formulation of prevention and control measures. Methods Using a stratified random sampling method, the residents who lived continuously in the area for more than half a year were selected. The liver fluke egg test was carried out using the improved Kato thick tablet method, and the knowledge, attitude and behavior of those who tested positive were investigated. Results A total of 4 238 people were tested, and the infection rate of liver fluke was 22.30%. The awareness rate of liver fluke disease was 71.96%, and those who knew the infection pathway of liver fluke disease, harm to the human body and anti-infection measures accounted for 64.55%, 36.08% and 49.10% respectively; willing to try to eat sashimi, clonorchiasis disease willing to spend money to buy insect repellent medicine to eat, liver fluke will continue to eat raw, half-life eat freshwater fish and shrimp accounted for 63.07%, 76.93%, 59.26%, respectively. Before this test, 7.94% of people who understood their liver infection status, and the difference between men (6.34%) and women (10.18%) was statistically significant (χ²=4.627, P=0.031); 6.56% of people received anthelmintic treatments against liver fluke, and the difference between men (5.07%) and women (8.65%) was statistically significant (χ²=4.796, P=0.029). The percentage of persons who said they had received knowledge of liver disease was 26.03%. Differences in prevention knowledge, prevention behavior and prevention attitude between different sexes, ages and occupational groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Panyu District of Guangzhou is a high prevalence area of clonorchiasis, clonorchiasis disease patients have higher knowledge of clonorchiasis disease, but the rate of correct behavior and attitude of is low. While carrying out the teaching of knowledge about clonorchiasis, we should focus on guiding the correct change of patient's behavior and attitude to reduce the spread of clonorchiasis disease.