国内34个人群19个常染色体STR基因座的遗传关系

目的 研究国内不同地区不同民族34个群体19个常染色体STR基因座的遗传关系,进而应用于群体遗传学、民族和种族研究。方法 收集国内不同地区的34个群体19个常染色体STR基因座(D19S433、D5S818、D21S11、D18S51、D6S1043、D3S1358、D13S317、D7S820、D16S539、CSF1PO、Penta D、vWA、D8S1179、TPOX、Penta E、TH01、D12S391、D2S1338、FGA)的基因频率信息,通过统计群体间的遗传距离,进而构建系统发育树,并进行多维尺度分析。结果 经统计遗传距离,发现呼和浩特汉族与湖南沅陵土家族遗传距离最大(0.027)。经构建系统发育树,发现国内34个群体共分为四大支,新疆维吾尔族、新疆哈萨克族、宁夏回族和甘肃回族为一支;湖南沅陵土家族为一支;宁波汉族、海南汉族、福建汉族、福建漳州汉族、重庆汉族、贵州汉族、云南汉族、湖南汉族和南京汉族聚为一支;剩余群体为一支。经多维尺度分析,湖南沅陵土家族与其余的33个国内人群遗传距离相对较大。结论 以19个STR遗传标记的等位基因频率为基础得到的遗传距离、系统发育树和MDS分析,能够适用于群体遗传学、民族和种群研究。

Genetic relationship of 19 autosomal STR loci in 34 populations of China

Objective Analyze the genetic relationship of 19 autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci in 34 populations from China, thus it can be further applied to the study of population genetics, ethnicity and population. Methods The allele frequency of 19 autosomal STR loci inculding D19S433, D5S818, D21S11, D18S51, D6S1043, D3S1358, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539, CSF1PO, Penta D, vWA, D8S1179, TPOX, Penta E, TH01, D12S391, D2S1338, FGA of 34 populations from China were collected, the genetic distance were counted, phylogenetic tree was constructed and multidimensional analysis was performed. Results According to the statistics of genetic distance, it was found that the genetic distance between the Han nationality in Hohhot and the Tujia nationality in Yuanling of Hunan province was the largest (0.027). By constructing phylogenetic tree, it was found that the 34 groups in China were divided into four branches: the first branch was made of Xinjiang Uygur, Xinjiang Kazak, Ningxia Hui and Gansu Hui. Tujia is a branch of Yuanling in Hunan province. Ningbo Han, Hainan Han, Fujian Han, Fujian Zhangzhou Han, Chongqing Han, Guizhou Han, Yunnan Han, Hunan Han and Nanjing Han were gathering into one; the rest of the populations were another banch. Through multidimensional scale analysis, the genetic distance between Hunan Yuanling Tujia and the other 33 populations were relatively large. Conclusion The genetic distance, phylogenetic tree and MDS analysis based on allele frequency of 19 STR can be applied to population genetics, ethnicity and population studies.