海南省5市县禽畜厩舍吸血蠓调查

目的 调查海南省文昌、乐东、昌江、儋州、澄迈等5市县吸血蠓的地理分布、种类组成和主要种的吸血率。方法 2017—2018在海南省5市县猪舍、羊舍、鸡舍,采用诱虫灯采集吸血蠓;在生物显微镜下鉴定吸血蠓种类和记录数量,采用树胶酚封片法制作玻片标本。结果 在海南省5市县共采获吸血蠓2属26种22 355只,其中,库蠓24种,蠛蠓属2种;海南省新纪录1种,肿足库蠓Lasiohelea turgepeda Yu et Liu, 1982。澄迈分布19种,儋州18种,文昌17种,昌江12种,乐东9种。主要种类为尖喙库蠓（32.88%）,异域库蠓（16.10%）,荒川库蠓（16.08%）;不同市县和场所的主要种类组成不同。7种主要吸血蠓的总吸血率为 34.10%,其中黄胸库蠓（53.78%）最高,肩宏库蠓（17.92%）最低。不同种类和场所吸血蠓吸血率不同。结论 本项研究发现海南省5市县有吸血蠓2属26种,主要种类为尖喙库蠓,异域库蠓和荒川库蠓,其中黄胸库蠓的吸血率最高。

Hematophagous midges at the hencoop and livestock sheds in five counties of Hainan

Objective To investigate geographical distribution, species composition and bloodsucking rates of predomiant hematophagous midges in Wenchang, Ledong, Changjiang, Danzhou, Chengmai in Hainan province. Methods The hematophagous midges were captured with light traps at the pigpens, sheepfolds and hencoop in 5 counties and cities of Hainan province. The species and numbers of blood-sucking midges are observed by biological microscope. The specimen has been slide-mounted in phenol-balsom. Results A total of 22 355 hematophagous midges which belonging to 26 species 2 genera were collected, of which 24 species with genus Culicoides, and two species within genus Lasihelea. La. turgepeda Yu et Liu, 1982 is for the first time in Hainan province. There are 19 species in Chengmai, 18 species in Danzhou, 17 species in Wenchang, 12 species in Changjiang, and 9 species in Ledong. The study showed that dominant species were C. oxystoma （32.88%）,C. peregrinus（16.10%）,and C. arakawai（16.08%）, respectively. The species composition varied in different counties and settings. The total bloodsucking rates of 7 midges species was 34.10%, in which the highest bloodsucking rates was C. flavescens（53.78%）, and the lowest C. humeralis（17.92%）. The bloodsucking rates varied between different species and settings. Conclusion A total of 26 species 2 genera are found in five counties of Hainan Province. The dominant population were C. oxystoma,C. peregrinus,and C. arakawai. The C. flavescens had the highest bloodsucking rates.