长沙市室内装修及空气污染情况的调查

目的 了解长沙市城区居室装修材料及住户入住后出现的不良症状，比较装修后不同时期居室空气污染情况。方法 预先设计调查表对装修材料及住户主诉情况进行调查登记，然后现场测定居室中甲醛和氡的浓度剂量。结果 城区装饰材料以板材、粘合剂、涂料、油漆、稀释剂和石材(瓷砖)为主，不良症状以头痛乏力、咳嗽、眼鼻刺激症状及记忆力下降为主；对装修半年内、一年内和一年以上的居室中甲醛和氡的浓度进行测定，室内空气中甲醛和氡的浓度均以半年内浓度为高(均值分别为0．357mg／m^3和95．37Bq／m^3)，一年以上浓度最低(均值分别为0．049mg／m^3和17．06Bq／m^3)。结论 长沙市城区居室装饰材料基本相同，装饰后的居室最好在一年以后入住。

An Investigation of Indoor Decoration and Air Pollution in Changsha City

Objective To understand the indoor decoration materials in Changsha city proper and the adverse reaction of the urban residents feel after they live in the room.To compare the indoor air pollution case of different time after decoration. Methods Design an investigation list on decoration materials and the residents' complaints beforehand, and measure the density of formaldehyde and radon on the field. Result Plate material,binder,paint,oil-painting,thinner and stone material (glazed tile) are the major decoration materials in the city proper. Headache,fatigue,cough,irritation of eyes and nose,drop of memory are the main complaints.The concentrations of formadehyde and radon in indoor air of living-room were determined within half year,one year and more than one year after decoration.The concentrations of formadehyde and radon in door air reached the peak (mean: 0.357 mg/m 3 and 95.37 Bq/m 3) within half year after decoration, The concentrations of formadehyde and radon in door air reached the minimum (mean: 0.049 mg/m 3 and 17.06 Bq/m 3) more than one year after decoration. Conclusion Decoration materials of living-room is fundamentally alike in Changsha city proper. We'd better move in the living-room more than one year after decoration.