WKA-1R Robot assisted quantitative assessment of airway management |
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Authors: | Yohan Noh Masanao Segawa Akihiro Shimomura Hiroyuki Ishii Jorge Solis Kazuyuki Hatake Atsuo Takanishi |
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Institution: | (1) Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan;(2) Consolidated Research Institute for Advanced Science and Medical Care, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan;(3) Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering / Humanoid Robotics Institute, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan;(4) Educational Instruments Division / Management Department, Kyotokagaku Co. Ltd., Kyoto, Japan |
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Abstract: | Object The emerging field of medical robotics aims tointroduce intelligent tools for physician support. The main challenges for developing
efficient medical robotic training systems are simulating real-world conditions of the task and assuring training effectiveness.
High anatomic fidelity has been achieved in current systems, but they are limited to provide merely subjective assessments
of the training progress. We simulated airway intubation using a unique medical robot and developed objective performance
criteria to assess task performance.
Materials and methods A patient simulation robot was designed to mimic real-world task conditions and provide objective assessments of training
progress. The Waseda– Kyotokagaku Airway No. 1R (WKA-1R) includes a human patient model with embedded sensors. An evaluation
function was developed for the WKA-1R to quantitatively assess task performance. The evaluation includes performance indices
and coefficient weighting. The performance indices were defined based on experiments carried out with medical doctors and
from information found in the medical literature. The performance indices are: intubation time, jaw opening, incisor teeth
force, cuff pressure, tongue force and tube position. To determine the weighting of coefficients, we used discriminant analysis.
Results Experiments were carried out with volunteers to determine the effectiveness of the WKA-1R to quantitatively evaluate their
performance while performing airway management. We asked subjects from different levels of expertise (from anesthetists to
unskilled) to perform the task. From the experimental results, we determined operator effectiveness using the proposed performance
indices. We found a significant difference between the experimental groups by evaluating their performances using the proposed
evaluation function (P < 0.05).
Conclusions The WKA-1R robot was designed to quantitatively acquire information on the performances of trainees during intubation procedures.
From the experimental results, we could objectively determine operator effectiveness while providing quantitative task assessments. |
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Keywords: | Medical training system Sensors Airway management |
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