白血病患儿父母照顾能力及其影响因素分析

目的探讨白血病患儿父母照顾能力现状及其影响因素。方法2018年5月至2019年6月,便利抽样法选取某三级甲等儿童医院血液科白血病患儿父母116例为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、恶性血液病家庭照顾者照顾能力量表、中文版癌症患者照顾者支持性照护需求量表、一般自我效能感量表、医学应对方式问卷、领悟社会支持评定量表、焦虑自评量表对其进行调查。结果父母照顾能力总分为(49.53±15.08)分,疾病认知能力为(7.28±2.57)分,基础照护技能为(5.28±2.18)分,按需照护技能为(9.75±3.80)分,情感管理能力为(8.38±2.38)分,寻求利用支持的能力为(7.44±2.74)分,平衡照顾需求与个人需求能力为(11.41±4.72)分。父母照顾能力各维度的影响因素主要包括其自身文化程度、婚姻状况、共同照顾者数量、患儿年龄、父母日常生活需求、沟通人际需求、经济需求、一般自我效能感、应对方式、焦虑等(均P<0.05)。结论白血病患儿父母照顾能力有待提升,应基于照护能力影响因素给予针对性干预。

Analysis on Care Ability and Its Influencing Factors for Parents of Children with Leukemia

Objective To explore care ability and its influencing factors for parents of children with leukemia.Methods From May 2018 to June 2019,general information questionnaire,caring ability scale for family caregivers of hematological malignancies,Chinese version of supportive care needs scale for caregivers of cancer patients,general self-efficacy scale,medical coping mode questionnaire,perceived social support scale and self-rating anxiety scale were used in the investigation of 116 parents of children with leukemia.Results The total score of caring ability was(49.53±15.08).The scores of each dimension were:disease cognitive ability(7.28±2.57),basic care skills(5.28±2.18),on-demand care skills(9.75±3.80),emotional management ability(8.38±2.38),ability to seek support(7.44±2.74),ability to balance care needs and personal needs(11.41±4.72).The influencing factors of care ability included educational level of parents,marital status,number of co-caregivers,age of children,parents’daily life needs,communication interpersonal needs,economic needs,general self-efficacy,coping style,and anxiety(all P<0.05).Conclusions The care ability of parents needs to be improved.Nurses should give targeted interventions based on the influencing factors of care ability.