临床护士工作满意度和流失率的纵向研究

目的 了解临床护士工作满意度和流失率的变化趋势,探讨提升护士工作满意度和降低流失率的有效策略.方法 运用注册护士工作满意度调查表对临床护士进行问卷调查,并通过人力资源部提供的资料计算2005～2011年护士流失率.结果 7年间,护士工作满意度呈显著上升趋势,除“收入”和“专业地位”为中度满意外,其他各维度均为高度满意.平均护士流失率为2.56％,维持在低水平.结论 护理管理者争取适当人力配置和合理收入,设计并提供护理人员专业培训项目和专业晋升机会,营造支持、合作、自主、尊重、坦诚沟通的临床工作环境和氛围,可提升护士工作满意度、降低流失率.

Longitudinal study of job satisfaction and turnover of frontline nurses

Objective To describe the patterns of job satisfaction and turnover rate of frontline nurses,and to identify effective strategies of increasing job satisfaction of nurses and decreasing turnover rate.Methods The RN Satisfaction Survey Questionnaire was used to collect data from frontline nurses.Turnover rates during the period of 2005 and 2011 were calculated using the data provided by human resource department.Results Within the seven years,nurses′ job satisfaction was increased significantly.All domains except pay and professional status(at moderate level) were at high level of satisfaction.The mean turnover rate was 2.56% and maintained at low level.Conclusion To increase job satisfaction and decrease turnover rate of nurses,nurse managers should appropriately staff the nursing team,determine agreeable salary levels for nurses,provide staff development program and clinical ladder program,and create a supportive,collaborative,and autonomous environment and climate of respect and open communication.