体外培养人类神经干细胞神经球中髓鞘的形成

目的：探索人类神经干细胞的体外培养条件和其形成的神经球的超微结构。方法：从胎脑皮质中机械分离细胞，N2培养基培养和扩增人类神经干细胞，应用免疫细胞化学方法对培养的细胞进行鉴定。对形成的神经球应用透射电镜进行超微结构研究。结果：从胎儿的脑皮质中成功分离培养出神经干细胞，形成典型的神经球，大部分细胞表达神经干细胞的标志物波形蛋白，细胞贴壁后可诱导分化 为神经元和胶质。早期培养的神经球中有典型的髓鞘形成。结论：从胎儿的脑皮质中成功地分离、培养出人类的神经干细胞，细胞呈悬浮状态生长，形成神经球。这种早期培养的神经干细胞有形成髓鞘的能力，可作为治疗人类脱髓鞘病变的潜在细胞来源。

The myelin formation in neurospheres of human neural stem cells in vitro

Objective To explore the culture conditions in vitro for human neural stem cells and to investigate the ultrastructure of neurospheres. Methods The cells from the embryonic human cortex were mechanically dissociated. The N2 medium was adopted to culture and expand the cells which were identified by immunocytochemistry. Electron microscope was used to examine the ultrastructure of neurospheres. Results Neural stem cells from human embryonic tissue were successfully cultured, and typical neurospheres were formed in suspension. Most cells expressed vimentin, a marker of neural progenitor cells. The cells could be differentiated into neurons and glia when they were plated on coated plate. In vitro myelin formation in neurospheres was observed at the early stage of culture. Conclusion Human neural stem cells can be cultured from embryonic brain and have the ability to myelinate. These cells may be a potential source for transplantation in the treatment of disorders of demyelination in humans.