ALK基因蛋白在肿瘤细胞和正常细胞中表达的意义

背景与目的：以往的研究认为CD30是间变性大细胞淋巴瘤（amaplastic large cell lymphoma,(ALCL)的诊断指标,但是该指标特异性并不强,需要寻找更特异指标。已有研究表明,在ALCL的三种染色体移位产生的融合基因中,均涉及ALK,设想ALK比CD30和P80在诊断ALCL时更特异。本文的目的是探讨间变性淋巴瘤激酶（anaplastic lymphoma kinase,ALK)基因蛋白在多种肿瘤细胞和正常细胞中表达的意义,以此作业进一步研究的基础。方法：应用免疫组化链霉素－过氧化酶染色法检测了14例ALCL、10例霍奇金淋巴瘤／病（Hodgkin‘s lymphoma/disease,HL or HD)、46例B细胞淋巴瘤（B cell lymphoma,BCL）、13例T细胞淋巴瘤（T cell lymphoma,TCL)、21例恶性星形胶质细胞瘤、5例髓母细胞瘤、5例室管膜瘤、75例各种上皮来源的癌、19例不同间叶组织来源的肉瘤以及多种正常组织中ALK基因蛋白的表达。结果：（1）ALCL中ALK蛋白表达率为64．3％,显著高于HD、BCL和其它TCL（P＜0．01）。（2）ALK在肝细胞癌、恶性星形胶质细胞瘤和髓母细胞瘤中有较强的表达。（3）ALK在胎盘组织和胶质细胞神经元中有少量表达。结论：（1）ALK蛋白是ALCL的重要分子标志,对ALCL的诊断和鉴别诊断具有很高价值。（2）ALK基因可能参与了肝细胞癌、恶性胶质细胞瘤和髓母细胞瘤的发生和发展,ALK基因可能是一个重要的肿瘤相关基因。

Significance of ALK gene expression in neoplasms and normal tissues

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the clinicopathologic significance of the ALK gene expression in neoplasms and normal tissues. METHODS: Using the immunohistochemical method, the expressions of ALK gene were examined on 14 anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). 10 Hodgkin's lymphoma, 46 B lymphoma, 13 T lymphoma, 21 malignant astrocytoma, 5 medulloblastoma, 5 ependymoma, 69 carcinomas, 19 sarcomas, and many normal tissues. RESULTS: (1) The expression rate of ALK was 64.3% in ALCL, it is significantly higher than that in Hodgkin's lymphoma, B lymphoma, and other T lymphoma(P < 0.01). (2) There was strongly expression of ALK in hepatocellular carcinoma, malignant astrocytoma, and medulloblastoma. (3) There was weakly expression of ALK in placenta tissue and astrocyte. CONCLUSIONS: (1) The ALK protein is a very important molecular marker in ALCL, it is very helpful for diagnosing and distinquishing ALCL. (2) ALK gene may take part in the origin and development of hepatocellular carcinoma, malignant astrocytoma, and medulloblastoma and may be an important gene associated with neoplasms.