软骨脱细胞基质多孔支架与骨髓基质干细胞体外构建组织工程软骨的研究

目的 探讨关节软骨脱细胞基质多孔支架(CEDIS)与骨髓基质干细胞(BMSCs)体外培养组织工程软骨的可行性.方法 粉碎人关节软骨,脱细胞处理后差速离心法收集细胞外基质悬液,采用冷冻干燥技术制备三维多孔支架.扫描电镜观察其微观结构,并进行组织学观察,生化成分定量检测其胶原、氨基葡聚糖(GAG)、DNA含量,牛物力学方法测量其干性及覆水状态下压缩弹性模量;分离培养犬骨髓基质干细胞,TGF-β1成软骨诱导,PKH26标记,接种到支架上体外继续诱导培养,荧光显微镜及扫描电镜观察培养3 d后细胞在支架内的黏附、分布情况.结果 制备的CEDPS支架无细胞碎片残留,软骨细胞外基质特异性染色阳性,具有相互贯通的三维孔隙结构;支架生化成分定量检测:总胶原含量为(708.2±44.7)μg/mg,GAG含量为(254.7±25.9)μg/mg,DNA含量为(0.021±0.007)μg/mg;支架纵向压缩弹性模量E=(1.226 ±0.288)MPa,覆水后压缩弹性模量E=(0.052±0.007)MPa.荧光显微镜、电镜检查结果表明细胞广泛均匀的分布在支架内部,呈圆形或椭圆形,在支架上增殖显著,细胞基质分泌明显.结论 CEDPS支架在生化组成和结构上与软骨细胞外基质成分类似,去细胞彻底,具有良好生物力学特性,是一种较为理想的软骨组织工程支架载体;成软骨诱导的BMSCs与CEDPS支架在体外可初步构建类软骨样组织.

Abstract：

Objective To develop a novel cartilage ECM-derived porous scaffold(cEDPs)and investigate the attachment,proliferation and distribution of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) cultured in vitro within the scaffolds.Methods Cartilage microfilaments were prepared after pulverization and gradient centrifugation and prepared into suspension after acellularization treatment.The scaffolds were examined by histological staining,scanning electron microscope(SEM),biochemical and biomechanical analysis.After labeling with PKH26,the canine BMSCs were seeded onto the scaffolds.The attachment,proliferation and differentiafion of cells were observed by inveaed fluorescent microscope and SEM.Results On histology,most extracellular matrices were retained in the scaffold after the removal of cell fragments.Safranin O staining and immunfluorescence examination with collagen Ⅱ antibodies provided positive results.Biochemical analysis showed that the collagen content was(708.2 4±44.7)μg/mg,glycosaminoglycan(254.7 ±25.9)μg/mg and DNA(0.021±0.007)μg/mg.Mechanical testing showed the compression moduli(E)were(1.226±0.288)and(0.052±0.007)MPa ander dry and wet conditions respectively.Inverted fluorescent microscope and SEM showed moderate cell adhesion.chondrocyte-like morphology and matrix synthesis around cells. Conclusion The CEDPS retains most extracellular matrices after a thorough decellularization so as to possess an excellent microstructure with ideal biomechanical characteristics and a good biocompatibility. Thus it is a suitable candidate as an alternative cell-carrier for cartilage tissue engineering. Chondrogenic BMSCs and CEDPS may be used to construct cartilage-like tissue in vitro.

In vitro cartilage tissue engineering with cartilage extracellular matrix-derived porous scaffolds and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Objective To develop a novel cartilage ECM-derived porous scaffold(cEDPs)and investigate the attachment,proliferation and distribution of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) cultured in vitro within the scaffolds.Methods Cartilage microfilaments were prepared after pulverization and gradient centrifugation and prepared into suspension after acellularization treatment.The scaffolds were examined by histological staining,scanning electron microscope(SEM),biochemical and biomechanical analysis.After labeling with PKH26,the canine BMSCs were seeded onto the scaffolds.The attachment,proliferation and differentiafion of cells were observed by inveaed fluorescent microscope and SEM.Results On histology,most extracellular matrices were retained in the scaffold after the removal of cell fragments.Safranin O staining and immunfluorescence examination with collagen Ⅱ antibodies provided positive results.Biochemical analysis showed that the collagen content was(708.2 4±44.7)μg/mg,glycosaminoglycan(254.7 ±25.9)μg/mg and DNA(0.021±0.007)μg/mg.Mechanical testing showed the compression moduli(E)were(1.226±0.288)and(0.052±0.007)MPa ander dry and wet conditions respectively.Inverted fluorescent microscope and SEM showed moderate cell adhesion.chondrocyte-like morphology and matrix synthesis around cells. Conclusion The CEDPS retains most extracellular matrices after a thorough decellularization so as to possess an excellent microstructure with ideal biomechanical characteristics and a good biocompatibility. Thus it is a suitable candidate as an alternative cell-carrier for cartilage tissue engineering. Chondrogenic BMSCs and CEDPS may be used to construct cartilage-like tissue in vitro.