垃圾焚烧发电地区儿童二噁英暴露水平及特征研究

目的分析垃圾焚烧发电厂周边儿童体内二噁英负荷水平、分布特征和人群二噁英外暴露水平。方法设距垃圾焚烧发电厂1km S镇为污染点,200km外的L镇为对照点,采集S镇90名及L镇60名10～11岁儿童外周静脉血,另采集两地土壤、鲫鱼和鸡蛋各3份,检测样本中二噁英浓度及计算毒性当量(TEQ)并分析对比。结果污染点儿童血中二噁英浓度与TEQ均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);鸡蛋和鲫鱼中二噁英浓度与TEQ、土壤中二噁英浓度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。两地样本的二噁英单体分布类似,其中单体浓度最高的为八氯代二苯并二噁英(OCDD),TEQ贡献最高的为2,3,4,7,8-五氯代二苯并呋喃(2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF)。结论垃圾焚烧发电厂周边土壤中二噁英浓度增高,当地儿童噁恶英外暴露和内负荷水平均显著增高。

Exposure level and characteristics of dioxins in children living near the waste incineration power plant

Objective To study the internal and external dioxins exposure level of children living near the waste incineration power plant.Methods Peripheral blood of children(90 in S,60 in L),soils,crucians,chicken eggs were sampled in town S(1km away from a big waste incineration power plant),as well as in town L(200km away from S),which is the control.The contents,distribution characteristics and toxic equivalent(TEQ) of dioxins in samples were evaluated by ultra-trace detection methods.Results The concentrations and TEQs of dioxins in blood,soils,crucians and chicken eggs from town S were significantly higher than those in town L(P<0.05).The dominant dioxin detected from the samples is OCDD,while the dominant TEQ contribution dioxin is 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF.Conclusion The emission of dioxins from the waste incineration power plant may increase the internal and external dioxins exposure level of children living nearby.