Spinal drug delivery |
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Authors: | Theodore S Grabow MD David Derdzinski MD Peter S Staats MD |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, 550 N. Broadway, Suite 301, 21205 Baltimore, MD, USA |
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Abstract: | Clinicians currently base decisions regarding the use of intrathecal drug therapy for chronic pain on reports from uncontrolled
and retrospective studies that fail to rely on standardized outcome measures. In this article, we summarize what is known
about currently administered intrathecal therapies, including opioids, gamma-aminobutyric acid agonists, alpha-2 adrenoreceptor
agonists, local anesthetics (sodium channel antagonists), calcium channel antagonists, miscellaneous agents, and drug combination
therapy. In addition, we offer a brief look at novel approaches that may revolutionize intrathecal drug delivery. |
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