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小儿从出生到建立完好的恒牙列，是个漫长的过程。在此期间，常见的龋、牙齿发育异常、口腔不良习惯等，均会对牙、颌、面的生长产生影响，导致面型异常及各种错牙合畸形。如对正处于生长发育高峰期的儿童采取早期治疗，治疗效果最好，可使复杂问题简单化，常可在较短的时间内，用比较简单的矫治方法和矫治器改正，及早地阻断错牙合畸形的发展，引导牙、颌、面正常发育。开展早期治疗，要根据儿童的生长发育特点，依据生长发育的规律和发育的顺序进行诊断和治疗。早期治疗可能只是整个治疗计划的一部分，大多数的患儿常常需要到替牙期后再进行后期常规正畸治疗，所以要把乳牙、混合牙列期的早期治疗作为从乳牙、混合牙列期到恒牙列期的整体正畸治疗过程的一个环节来正确认识。

Early prevention and treatment of childhood malocclu-sion

It’s a long process for children from birth to the establishment of permanent teeth dentition. During this pe-riod,caries,teeth dysplasia and oral bad habits etc.,will af-fect the growth of the teeth,occlusion and facial,resulting in the malocclusion. Taking early treatment for the children in the peak of growth will simplify complex issues and get the best treatment results,block the development of malocclusion with a relatively simple treatment in a relatively short period, and guide the normal growth of the teeth,occlusion and fa-cial. According to children＆#39;s growth characteristics and based on the law of growth and development,early diagnosis and treatment should be carried out. Early treatment may be part of the whole treatment plans,and most of the children often need conventional orthodontic treatment after period of re-placed teeth. Early treatment in mixed dentition period is a part of orthodontic treatment from mixed dentition period to permanent teeth dentition.