吸毒人群开展减少伤害同伴教育方法学初探

目的：尝试减少伤害项目在吸毒人群中开展的可接受性、可行性及有效性。方法：在昆明市两所强制戒毒机构，采取以目标人群的需求为中心、同伴教育的方法开展减少伤害的预防性干预活动。结果：减少伤害同伴教育项目可为目标人群所接受，并能有效地提高目标人群对艾滋病和药物滥用相关知识的知晓率；安全注射和安全性行为教育对改变吸毒者的危险行为具有一定的效果：同伴教育是吸毒人群中有效的信息传播方式；参与式的方法可有效地促进与戒毒者建立良好的合作关系和促进药物滥用的行为改变；但戒毒机构的管理体制与项目之间存在一定的矛盾，需要寻求项目可持续性发展的方法。结论：开展减少伤害项目需要以目标人群的需求为中心、以社区为基础，多项目互补。

A Preliminary Measure of Peer Education on Harm Reduction in IDUs in Kunming

Objective: To explore the acceptability,feasibility and effectiveness of harm reduction education in IDUs (individuals of drug use).Methods: A peer education on harm reduction that focuses on needs of the target group has launched in two force detoxification centers in Kunming.Results: The evaluation data show that the peer education project is acceptable and could effectively promote the knowledge about drug abuse and HIV/AIDS of the target group. Education of safe injection and safe sex change certain of high-risk behaviors of IDUs. Peer education should be a good way of information dissemination in IDUs. Participatory training,individual and group counseling could develop a collaboration relationship. It needs looking for a sustainable developing way of the project because there were some conflicts between the project and management systems in the centers.Conclusion: Harm reduction project should be a comprehensive and multi-level and focus on needs of target group and community if the project wants to get successful.