人胎小肠氮能神经元发育的研究

本研究用 NADPH-d组织化学法对人胎小肠氮能神经元的发育进行了观察。结果显示 :5个月胎龄时 ,肌间神经节处的圆形细胞中部分细胞分化成氮能神经细胞 ,细胞核不染色 ,胞质极少 ,呈浅蓝色 ,有的神经细胞有短小的突起。 6个月胎龄时 ,氮能神经元胞体明显增大 ,核大 ,胞质少 ,染色增深 ,在外纵肌层与内环肌层之间形成肌间神经节。由神经元胞体发出的神经纤维在肌间形成网状神经丛。同时 ,在内环肌层肌纤维之间出现氮能神经纤维分布。有的神经纤维穿过粘膜下层分布到粘膜肠腺基部。7个月胎龄时 ,肌间神经节细胞数目增多 ,胞质由少到多 ,染色强度增加 ,肌层神经纤维分布密度增加 ,在粘膜下层有时可见有 1～ 2个氮能神经元细胞体或小的神经节分布。8～ 10个月胎龄时 ,肌间神经节细胞和粘膜下层氮能神经元胞体及神经纤维呈深蓝色 ,内环肌层神经纤维分布密度增加。以上结果提示 :人胎小肠氮能神经元是由胚胎早期肌间神经节处的圆形细胞 ,通过细胞分化、增殖、生长发育而形成的

DEVELOPMENTAL STUDY OF NITRERGIC NEURONS IN THE SMALL INTESTINE OF HUMAN FETUS

By using histochemical method of NADPH diaphorase,the development of the nitrergic neurons in the small intestine of human fetus was studied. The results revealed that the nitrergic cells were differentiated fron a part of round cells of intermusculer gangcion. at the fifth month of gestation. The nuclei were not stained, and only few cytoplasm was slightly blue stained. At the sixth month, the bodies of nitrergic cells were obviously enlarged with larger nuclei and a small amount of deeply stained cytoplasm. The ganglia was formed between inner circular muscle and outer longitudinal muscle layer. The processes of ganglion cell formed the intermuscular nerve plexus. At the same time, the nitrergic nerve fibers appeared in inner circular muscle layer, and some of nitrergic nerve fibers passed through the submucosa into to the base of the intestinal gland in the mucosa. At the seventh month, the number of intermusclar ganglion cell was increased, the staining intensity and the amount of the cytoplasm of nitrergic neuron were gradually increased. Increasing number of nitrergic nerve fibers were seen in the circular muscle. Once in a while, a few nitrergic nerve cell bodies and small ganglia were found in the submucoa. At the eighth to tenth month, the staining intensity of the bodies of intermuscular ganglion cell and the neurons in submucoa and the nerve fibers were further increased. The density of the distribution of nitrergic nerve fibers was increased in the circular smooth muscle layer. These results suggest that nitrergic neurons of the small intestine originated from the round cells of the intermuscle ganglion at the time of early fetal development. By the differentiation, multiplication, growth and development, the round cells formed mature nitrergic neurons. (Figures 1～8 on plate 30)