马来亚大学医学中心门诊糖尿病患者视网膜病变的发病率(英文)

目的:评估马来亚大学医学中心眼科门诊的糖尿病性视网膜病变的发病率和它在糖尿病患者中的危险因素。方法:该横向研究包括100例近期被诊断为糖尿病患者的200眼。采集有关的眼部和全身病史并对所有的眼进行彻底散瞳眼底检查。视网膜病变的状况根据早期糖尿病性视网膜病变治疗研究(ETDRS)的结果进行分类。造成视网膜病变的危险因素是通过卡方检验进行分析的,P<0.05被认为有意义。结果:在我们的研究中,近期被诊断为糖尿病人群中糖尿病性视网膜病变的发病率为28%,Ⅱ型糖尿病患者中非增殖性视网膜病变的发病率(36%)比Ⅰ型糖尿病患者高(24%)。在两种类型的糖尿病患者中,视网膜病变的发病率与性别、年龄、种族、社会经济状况、糖尿病类型和体重指数无关。糖尿病病史较长并控制不良的患者,高血压者,伴有神经病变者,高脂血症以及有吸烟史者,视网膜病变的发病率明显高。结论:对糖尿病患者进行视网膜病变的基线筛查是可取的,因为早期发现,规律随访,合理的推荐给眼科医生并进行有效的治疗将减少以及避免患者严重的视力丧失。

Prevalence of retinopathy in diabetic patients referred from clinic in University of Malaya Medical Centre

AIM: To evaluate the incidence of diabetic retinopathy and its risk factors among diabetic patients referred to eye clinic in University of Malaya Medical Centre. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 200 eyes of 100 newly diagnosed diabetic patients. Relevant ocular and medical histories were recorded and full ocular examination of dilated fundus was performed in all the eyes. The retinopathy status was classified according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) criteria. The risk factors for retinopathy were evaluated by chi-square test and P value < 0.05 was taken as significant.RESULTS: The incidence of diabetic retinopathy among the newly diagnosed diabetic population in our study was 28%. Non-proliferative retinopathy was higher in type 2 diabetics (36%) compared to type 1 diabetics (24%). The incidence of retinopathy was not affected by the gender, age, race, socioeconomic status, type of diabetes and body mass index (BMI) in both types of diabetic patients. Patients with longer duration of disease with poorly controlled diabetes, hypertension, neuropathy, nephropathy, hyperlipidemia, and history of smoking had significantly higher incidence of retinopathy.CONCLUSION: Baseline screening for retinopathy in diabetic patients is desirable as early detection, regular follow-up, prompt referral to ophthalmologists and effective management will reduce and avoid severe vision loss for these patients.