广东省城市致乏库蚊对常用杀虫剂抗性的调查研究

目的 :调查我省城市致乏库蚊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性。方法 :区分剂量法和半数致死浓度法。结果 :区分剂量法结果显示 ,广州、深圳、佛山、江门、汕头、茂名、韶关等城市的致乏库蚊对马拉硫磷、溴氰菊酯、二氯苯醚菊酯都产生了抗性。半数致死浓度结果显示 ,上述城市中除江门外 ,其他城市的致乏库蚊对马拉硫磷的抗性指数都已超过 5倍 ,其中广州和深圳达到 15倍左右 ;对巴沙、残杀威的抗性指数上述城市均未超过 5倍 ;对溴氰菊酯的抗性指数均超过 5倍 ,其中广州最高为 5 4.8倍 ,其次是深圳和汕头为 36倍左右 ;对氯氰菊酯的抗性指数除茂名外均已超过 5倍 ;对二氯苯醚菊酯的抗性指数除江门外均已超过 5倍 ,最高的是深圳为 17.1倍 ;对EBT的抗性指数除广州外均未超过 5倍。结论 :我省蚊虫对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂特别是溴氰菊酯的抗性较高 ;为延缓抗性的发展 ,蚊虫的防制应轮换用药和使用复配杀虫剂。

Survey on the Resistance of Culex quinquefasciatus to Several Common Insecticides in Cities of Guangdong Province

This paper employed the methods of differential dosage and median lethal concentration to study the resistance levels of the 3rd instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus to several common insecticides in cities of Guangdong province in 1997. With the method of differential dosage, the result showed that the resistance grades of C.quinquefasciatus to Malathion, Permethrin and Deltamethrin were all high and had reached R grade in seven cities where we selected for investigation, including Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Shantou,Foshan,Shaoguang,Maoming and Jiangmeng. With the method of median lethal concentration,the result were as follows, the resistance factors (LC 50 of field insect/LC 50 of susceptible insect) of mosquitoes to Malathion were more than 5 fold in mentioned six cities except Jiangmeng, among which that was the highest and 15 fold in Guangzhou and Shenzhen; The RFs of mosquitoes to Basa and Sunside were less than 5 fold in above mentioned cities; The RFs of mosquitoes to Deltamethrin were more than 5 fold in above mentioned cities, in which that was the highest and 54.8 fold in Guangzhou, and higher and about 36 fold in Shenzhen and Shantou, and the lowest in Foshan;The RFs of mosquitoes to Cypermethrin were more than 5 fold in mentioned cities except Maoming; The RFs of mosquitoes to Permethrin were more than 5 fold in 5 cities investigated,in which that was the highest and 17.1 fold in Shenzhen; The RFs of mosquitoes to EBT were not over 5 fold in seven cities investigated. Those showed that the resistance situation of mosquitoes to Deltamethrin, Cypermethrin and Permethrin et al. were very serious in cities of Guangdong province. We should use insecticides scientifically to control mosquitoes of cities with integrated pest management.