乙酰半胱氨酸注射液治疗慢性乙型肝炎重度患者的多中心临床研究

目的 对乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)注射液治疗慢性乙型肝炎的疗效和安全性进行评估。 方法 选择慢性乙型肝炎(重度或慢性重型肝炎早期)住院患者144例,采用随机、双盲、平行对照的临床试验,随机分为A组、B组(每组各72例),治疗前做常规体检。给药方案:NAC 8g/d,静脉滴注,疗程45d,同时配合基础综合治疗,并于用药前、用药后15、30、45d分别抽血检查肝功能、凝血酶原时间、肾功能生物化学、血常规等。 结果 入选144例患者中91例符合慢性乙型肝炎重度标准,53例符合慢性重型肝炎标准。揭盲后A组为试验组;B组为安慰剂组。脱落28例(A组11例,B组17例),进入疗效评价病例试验组61例,安慰剂组55例。试验组患者血清总胆红素、直接胆红素、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶显著降低,凝血酶原活动度也得到明显改善。试验组不良反应发生率为14％,安慰剂组为5％,未发生严重不良事件。 结论 NAC能明显减低患者血清总胆红素、氨基转移酶,改善凝血酶原活动度,试验过程中患者耐受性好,主要不良反应为恶心、呕吐、皮疹等,无严重的不良反应。

A multi-center clinical study of N-acetylcysteine on chronic hepatitis B

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in treating chronic hepatitis B patients. METHODS: 144 patients with chronic hepatitis B (total bilirubin, TBil>170 mmol/L) from several centers were chosen for a randomized and double blind clinical trial. The patients were divided into a NAC group and a placebo group and all of them were treated with an injection containing the same standardized therapeutic drugs. A daily dose of 8 microgram NAC was added to the injection of the NAC group. The trial lasted 45 days. Hepatic function and other biochemistry parameters were checked at the experimental day 0 and days 15, 30, 45. RESULTS: Each group consisted of 72 patients of similar demology and disease characteristics. During the trial, 28 cases of the 144 patients dropped out. In the NAC group, at day 0 and day 30, the TBil were 401.7 vs. 149.2 and 160.1+/-160.6. In the placebo group, the TBil on the corresponding days were 384.1+/-134.0 and 216.3+/-199.9. Its decrease in the NAC group was 62% and 42% in the placebo group. At day 0 and day 45 of treatment, the effective PTa increase rate was 72% in the NAC group and 54% in the placebo group. The total effective rate (TBil + PTa) was 90% in the NAC group and 69% in the placebo group. The parameters of the two groups showed a remarkable difference. The rate of side effects was 14% in the NAC and 5% in the placebo groups. CONCLUSION: NAC can decrease the level of serum TBil, increase the PTa and reduce the time of hospitalization. NAC showed no serious adverse effects during the period of our treatment. We find that NCA is effective and secure in treating chronic hepatitis B patients.