恶性肿瘤患者院内感染因素及护理干预

目的探讨护理干预对降低恶性肿瘤患者院内感染发生率的影响。方法对本科2011年2月—2012年1月收治的各类恶性肿瘤患者院内感染发病情况和易感因素进行回顾性分析,并给予相应的护理干预。结果 976例确诊恶性肿瘤的住院患者中发生院内感染84例,发生率为8.61%;感染部位以呼吸系统为主,其次为消化道;易感因素主要有年龄≥60岁、住院时间≥10d、是否行侵袭性操作、接受化疗和（或）放疗。结论通过加强环境管理、提高洗手依从性、严格无菌操作、做好导管维护、重视基础护理、增强患者抵抗力、做好心理护理等措施,可减少院内感染的发生。

Factors of nosocomial infection in patients with malignant tumors and related nursing interventions

Objective To explore the influence of nursing intervention on reduction of incidence rate of nosocomial infection in patients with malignant tumors.Methods Statusof nosocomial infection and pathogenic factors in patients with different malignant tumors from February 2011to January 2012 were analyzed retrospectively, and they were conducted with corresponding nursing interventions. Results Among 976 hospitalized patients with diagnosed malignant tumors, 84 patients had nosocomial infection, and the incidence rate was 8.61%. The predominated infection occurred in respiratory system and the secondary infection was in digestive tract. There were a variety of factors of susceptible infection including age above 60 year-old, hospitalization time lasting 10days and above, the possibility of invasive operation as well as acceptance of chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Conclusion A series of nursing measures such as reinforcement of environmental management, improvement of hand washing compliance, strict sterilized operation, maintenance of catheter, focus of basic nursing, enhancement of body resistance to diseases and good psychological nursing could reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.