尿微量白蛋白与妊娠期高血压疾病早期肾损伤的关系研究

目的探讨尿微量白蛋白诊断妊娠期高血压疾病早期肾损伤的关系。方法选取2010年2月至2014年2月我院收治的妊娠期高血压疾病孕妇85例,其中妊娠高血压34例（轻度组）,轻度先兆子痫25例（中度组）,重度先兆子痫26例（重度组）;选取同期在我院体检的正常健康孕妇40例作为对照组;检测四组患者的尿微量白蛋白以及血清尿素氮和肌酐水平并进行比较。采用Pearson相关性分析检验尿微量白蛋白与妊娠期高血压疾病病情程度的关系。结果 （1）妊娠期高血压疾病孕妇的尿微量白蛋白水平均明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;中度组和重度组的血清肌酐和尿素氮水平明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;（2）妊娠期高血压疾病孕妇的尿微量白蛋白阳性率均明显高于对照组,其中以重度组最高,中度组次之,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;重度组的血清肌酐和尿素氮阳性率明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;（3）Pearson相关性分析显示,尿微量白蛋白与妊娠期高血压疾病的病情程度存在线性关系,呈正相关（r=0.74,P〈0.05）。结论尿微量白蛋白有助于诊断妊娠期高血压疾病早期肾损伤,其水平与病情程度呈正相关。

Relationship between the urine microalbumin and early renal damage in gestational hypertension disease

Objective To explore the relationship between the urine microalbumin and early renal damage in gestational hypertension disease. Methods Eighty-five women with gestational hypertension disease in our hospital from February 2010 to February 2014 were selected in this study, including 34 cases of gestational hypertension （mild group）, 25 eases of mild preeclampsia （moderate group）, 26 patients of severe preeelampsia （severe group）. Forty healthy pregnant women in the same period in our hospital were selected as control group. The urine mieroalbumin, serum urea nitrogen and creatinine of four groups were detected and compared. Pearson correlation analysis was used to test the rela- tionship between the urine microalbumin and the degree of gestational hypertension disease. Results （1） The urine mi-croalbumin levels in the three diseases groups were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the severe group was the highest, with medium group taking the second place （P〈0.05）. The serum ereatinine and urea nitrogen levels in the moderate and severe group were statistically significantly higher than those in the control group （P〈0.05）. （2） The positive rate of urine microalbumin in the three diseases groups were significantly higher than that in the control group, and the severe group was the highest, with the medium group taking the second place （P〈0.05）. The positive rate of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen in the_ severe group was significantly higher than that in the con- trol group （P〈0.05）; （3） Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a linear relationship between the urine microalbumin and the degree of gestational hypertension disease, and it was a positive correlation （r-=0.74, P〈0.05）. Conclusion The urine microalbumin will be helpful to diagnose the early renal damage in gestational hypertension disease, and its level was positively correlated with the degree of the disease.