地震救援人员烦躁情绪及工作兴趣调查分析

目的观察地震救援应激对救援人员紧张、烦躁和不安情绪及工作兴趣状况的影响，并探讨其相关因素。方法应用心理应激自评问卷，对地震救援组和对照组进行紧张、烦躁和不安情绪及工作兴趣状况调查，并与救援人员一般情况进行相关分析，寻找其主要影响因素。结果救灾组与对照组比较，紧张、烦躁和不安情绪及工作兴趣状况均有明显差别（P≤0．001）；汶川组与彭州龙门山组、青川乔庄镇组比较，紧张、烦躁和不安情绪有明显差别（P〈0．01）。救灾组紧张、烦躁和不安情绪与救灾地区、受教育程度、婚姻状况正相关（P≤0．001），与参与救灾天数负相关（P〈0．001）。救灾组工作兴趣分别与救灾地区、受教育程度、婚姻状况和作业类型正相关（P〈0．05），与参与救灾天数负相关（P〈0．001）。多元逐步回归分析结果显示，参与救灾天数、救灾地区、作业类型、婚姻状况和受教育程度是影响救援人员紧张、烦躁和不安情绪的独立危险因素（P均〈0．05）。参与救灾天数、救灾地区和受教育程度是工作兴趣状况的独立危险因素（P均〈0．05）。结论地震救援应激对救援人员紧张、烦躁和不安情绪及工作兴趣状况有一定影响，救援人员紧张、烦躁和不安情绪和参与救灾天数、救灾地区、作业类型、婚姻状况和受教育程度有关。救援人员工作兴趣与参与救灾天数、救灾地区和受教育程度有关。

Agitated Feeling, Work Interest and Associated Factors of Earthquake Rescue Workers

Objective To explore the influence of the earthquake rescue on agitated feeling and work interest of rescue workers and the associated factors. Methods Agitated feeling and work interest state were surveyed with psychological stress self-report questionnair in 519 earthquake rescue workers and 85 healthy military control. Correlation with the general materials of workers were analysed. Results The agitated feeling and work interest score were signifieantly higher in the rescue workers in Wenchuan than those in Pengzhou, Qingchuan and control group （P≤0. 001）. Univariate anlaysis showed positive relationship between agitated feeling and work interest scores and the area, the edueation degree and marriage state of the staff （P≤0.001）, and negative association with the rescue days. Work type was positively associated with work interest score as well. Multivariate analysis showed that disaster area, the education degree, marriage state, rescue days and work type were the independent factors of agitated feeling state （P〈0. 05）. Disaster area, the education degree and rescue days were the independent risk factors of work interest （P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Earthquake rescue may have harmful effect on agitated feeling and working interest of the rescue workers. The former is associated with disaster area, the education degree, marriage state, rescue days and work type, and the latter with disaster area, the education degree and rescue days.