Eculizumab in dense-deposit disease after renal transplantation |
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Authors: | Ana Sánchez-Moreno Francisco De la Cerda Rocío Cabrera Julia Fijo Margarita López-Trascasa Rafael Bedoya Santiago Rodríguez de Córdoba Patricia Ybot-González |
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Affiliation: | 1. Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain 2. Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain 3. Unidad de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain 4. Centro de Investigación Biológica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain 5. Neurodevelopment Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Seville, Spain
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Abstract: | Background Dense-deposit disease (DDD) is a rare glomerulopathy characterized by electron-dense deposits in the glomerular basement membrane. About 50 % of patients with DDD progress to end-stage kidney disease and require dialysis within 10 years of diagnosis, and the disease often recurs after renal transplantation. Case-Diagnosis/Treatment We describe a 14-year-old girl with recurrent DDD in her transplanted kidney. Clinical onset was at 8 years of age, when steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome was diagnosed with microhematuria, severe hypocomplementemia and normal kidney function. Although remission was initially observed after several plasma exchanges, nephrotic proteinuria returned and kidney function further declined 1 year later. The patient received a living-related kidney transplant. Initial allograft function was good, but proteinuria reappeared 3 months after transplantation, accompanied by a slight deterioration in kidney function. After histological confirmation of DDD recurrence and subsequent management with plasmapheresis, the patient was treated for 30 months with eculizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to C5 complement protein. This intervention proved effective and resulted in complement inhibition, sustained remission of proteinuria and preservation of renal function. A graft biopsy 6 months later showed no progression of the renal lesions. Conclusions Early clinical and histological recurrence of DDD in the transplanted kidney in this 14-year-old patient was treated for 30 months with eculizumab. The patient remains asymptomatic, has no proteinuria and her kidney function is intact. |
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