Influenza M2 virus-like particles confer a broader range of cross protection to the strain-specific pre-existing immunity |
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Authors: | Min-Chul Kim Yu-Na Lee Hye Suk Hwang Young-Tae Lee Eun-Ju Ko Yu-Jin Jung Min Kyoung Cho Yu-Jin Kim Jong Seok Lee Suk-Hoon Ha Sang-Moo Kang |
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Affiliation: | 1. Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA;2. Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang City, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;3. Mogam Biotechnology Research Institute, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea |
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Abstract: | Immunity in humans with annual vaccination does not provide effective protection against antigenically distinct strains. As an approach to improve cross-protection in the presence of pre-existing strain-specific immunity, we investigated the efficacy of heterologous and heterosubtypic protection in previously vaccinated mice at earlier times after subsequent immunization with conserved-antigenic target influenza M2 ectodomain (M2e) virus-like particle vaccine (M2e5× VLP). Immunization of mice with H1N1 split vaccine induced virus specific antibodies to homologous influenza virus but did not provide heterosubtypic hemagglutination inhibiting antibody responses and cross-protection. However, subsequent M2e5× VLP immunization induced an M2e specific antibody response as well as interferon-γ (IFN-γ) producing cells in systemic and mucosal sites. Upon lethal challenge with H3N2 or H5N1 subtype influenza viruses, subsequently immunized mice with M2e5× VLP were well protected against heterosubtypic influenza viruses. These results provide evidence that non-seasonal immunization with M2e5× VLP, an experimental candidate for universal vaccine, is a promising approach for broadening the cross-protection even in the presence of strain-specific immunity. |
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Keywords: | M2e5× VLPs Influenza vaccine Pre-existing immunity Cross protection |
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