床旁D-二聚体检测在门诊患者排除静脉血栓栓塞的价值：一项诊断性荟萃分析

目的对目前排除静脉血栓栓塞的床旁D-二聚体检测的诊断准确性的证据进行评价。设计利用双变量回归检验变异来源，系统评价关于床旁D-二聚体检测的准确性的相关研究，并对敏感性和特异性进行评估。数据来源发表于1995年1月至2008年9月，并且于Medline和Embase中可检索到的关于床旁D-二聚体检测的诊断准确性的研究报告。评价方法纳入荟萃分析的研究需满足如下条件：对床旁D-二聚体检测与预先定义的静脉血栓栓塞的D-二聚体参考标准进行比较，人选患者为连续门诊病例，并且能够以此构建2×2表格。结果共有23项研究报告（病例总数为13959例，平均年龄为38—65岁，静脉血栓栓塞发病率为4％～51％）纳入荟萃分析。这些研究报告了两种床旁D-二聚体定性检测方法（SimpliREDD-二聚体（n=12）和Clearview Simplify D-二聚体（n=7））和两种床旁D-二聚体定量检测方法（CardiacD-二聚体（n=4）和Triage D-二聚体（n=2））。总体敏感性处于0．85（95％可信区间为0．78～0．90）至0．96（0．91～0．98）之间；总体特异性处于0．48（0．33～0．62）至0．74（0．96～0．78）之间。CardiacD-二聚体和TriageD-二聚体这两种定量检测方法评分最佳。结论在可疑静脉血栓栓塞的门诊患者中，床旁D-二聚体检测能够提供重要信息并指导治疗，在低风险患者（即临床决策规则评分较低的患者）中的价值尤为显著。

Excluding venous thromboembolism using point of care D-dimer tests in outpatients： a diagnostic meta-analysis

Objective To review the evidence on the diagnostic accuracy of the currently available point of care D-dimer tests for excluding venous thromboembolism. Design Systematic review of research on the accuracy of point of care D-dimer tests, using bivariate regression to examine sources of variation and to estimate sensitivity and specificity. Data sources Studies on the diagnostic accuracy of point of care D-dimer tests published between January 1995 and September 2008 and available in either Medline or Embase. Review methods The analysis included studies that compared point of predefined reference care D-dimer tests with criteria for venous thromboembolism, enrolled consecutive outpatients, and allowed for construction of a 2 × 2 table. Results 23 studies （total number of patients 13 959, range in mean age 38-65 years, range of venous thromboembolism prevalence 4%-51% ） were included in the meta-analysis. The studies reported two qualitative point of care D-dimer tests （SimpliRED D- dimer （n =12） and Clearview Simplify D-dimer （u = 7） ） and two quantitative point of care D-dimer tests （Cardiac D-dimer （ n = 4） and Triage D-dimer （ n = 2） ） . Overall sensitivity ranged from 0. 85 （ 95% confidence interval 0. 78 to 0. 90） to 0. 96 （0. 91 to 0. 98） and overall specificity from 0. 48 （0. 33 to 0. 62） to 0. 74 （0. 69 to 0. 78）. The two quantitative tests Cardiac D-dimer and Triage D-dimer scored most favourably. Conclusions In outpatients suspected of venous thromboembolism, point of care D-dimer tests can contribute important information and guide patient management, notably in low risk patients （that is, those patients with a low score on a clinical decision rule）.