临床常见病原菌对喹诺酮类及头孢菌素类的耐药分析

目的：了解医院常见病原菌对喹诺酮类及头孢菌素类抗菌药物的耐药状况，指导临床医生选择合适的抗菌药物。方法：将本医院１９９９年４月－２０００年２月临床分离出的３０５株常见病原菌对头孢菌素类及喹诺酮类抗菌药物的耐药性进行分析。结果：喹诺酮类中以环丙沙星抗菌作用仍然较强。常见病原菌中以大肠艾希菌对喹诺酮类抗生素耐药性最高；阴沟肠杆菌对头孢菌素类抗生素耐药性最高，第三代头孢菌素中，头孢他啶耐药率最低，头孢曲松耐药率较高，头孢噻肟也有所上升＾「２」。结论：合理使用抗生素是控制细菌耐药性增长、延长抗生素使用寿命和降低医院感染率的关键。

A SURVEY ON DRUG-RESISTANCE OF COMMON PATHOGENIC BACTERIA TO QUINOLONE AND CEPHALOSPORIN ANTIBIOTICS

Objective:To determine drug resistance of common pathogenic bacteria to quinolone and cephalosporin antibiotics.Methods:We tested the drug resistance of 305 strains of pathogenic bacteria isolated at our hospital.Results:The antibacterial effect of ciprofloxacin was most potent among quinolone antibiotics.The drug resistance of Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae was highest for quinolone antibiotics and cephalosporin antibiotics respectively.Of the third generation of cephalosporin antibiotics,ceftazidine was less drug resistant than both ceftriaxone and cefotaxine.Conclusions:A reasonable use of antibiotics can be critical for the control of drug resistance and iatrogenic infections,as well as the effectiveness of antibiotics.