Infective endocarditis in hemodialysis patients: clinical features, echocardiographic data and outcome |
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Authors: | Sofiene Rekik Imen Trabelsi Mourad Hentati Adnene Hammami Mounir Ben Jemaa Jamil Hachicha Samir Kammoun |
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Institution: | (1) Cardiology Department, University Hospital Hedi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisia;(2) Microbiology Department, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba, Sfax, Tunisia;(3) Infectious Disease Department, University Hospital Hedi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisia;(4) Nephrology and Dialysis Department, University Hospital Hedi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisia;(5) Sakiet Eddaier 3011. BP 9, Sfax, Tunisia |
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Abstract: | Background Infective endocarditis (IE) is a dreaded complication in hemodialysis (HD) patients and is strongly associated with morbidity
and mortality.
Objectives Our aim was to investigate clinical and echocardiographic characteristics, microbiological profile, management and outcome
of patients on HD in a Tunisian (Tunisia, North Africa) high-volume tertiary-care centre.
Methods Among 182 patients who fulfilled the modified Duke criteria for infective endocarditis between January 1997 and December 2006,
16 were on chronic HD and were included in the study.
Results Mean age was 52.5 ± 22.3 years, ten were male and arteriovenous fistulas were the most commonly used access sites (12 out
of 16 cases). Average duration of dialysis was 27.3 ± 30 months. Major causative organisms were Staphylococcus species (including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) in 11 (68.7%) of the 16 cases. The mitral valve was the most commonly affected 9 patients out of 16 (56.2%)], followed
by aortic valve in 4 cases (25.0%) and tricuspid valve in 1 case (6.2%). Complications were frequent, including congestive
heart failure (56.2%), secondary septic localisations (31.2%), arterial emboli (18.7%), and cerebral haemorrhage (6.2%). Five
patients underwent surgery and seven died during hospitalization (43.7% mortality rate). No recurrences of IE were recorded
in the nine survivors after average 21.7 ± 17.3 months follow-up.
Conclusion In this largest reported confirmed IE series in dialysis patients in a developing country, mortality was very high; mitral
valve was the most commonly affected valve. Staphylococcus species were the major causative organisms. |
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Keywords: | Infective endocarditis Hemodialysis Mortality Staphylococcus |
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