Current types of human dermatophytoses transmitted from animals]

Microsporum canis, Trichophyton verrucosum and T. mentagrophytes are the most common dermatophytes isolated from human and animals. M. canis infection in human is closely related to companion animals such as cats and dogs. According to a recent epidemiological survey in Japan, human M. canis infection is decreasing. T. verrucosum is usually transmitted from cows to human. T. verrucosum infection in human is not restricted to daily farming prefectures, however, suggesting that this species has already been spread widely in Japan. T. mentagrophytes is one of the most common pathogens in human tinea. Recent molecular methods show the infection is caused by one teleomorph of T. mentagrophytes, Arthroderma benhamiae, which has already been spread throughout Japan by companion animals. This pathogen is believed not to have existed in Japan until 1980. The chance of human fungal infection caused by unusual pathogens is increasing because of the changes in types of companion animals. Animal dermatophytoses is now an important issue not only for veterinary doctors but also for dermatologists.