牙龈卟啉单胞菌fimA基因型在高原和平原地区慢性牙周炎患者中分布差异的研究

目的 分析高原地区和平原地区慢性牙周炎患者龈下菌斑中牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas gingivalis,P.gingivalis)Fimbrilline(fimA)基因分型的差异.方法 采用分层抽样方法选取高原人群(海拔3700m,高原组)和平原人群(海拔400 m,平原组)各80例慢性牙周炎患者.采用16S rRNA PCR法分别检测高原和平原组慢性牙周炎患者龈下菌斑中的P.gingivalis,应用fimA基因引物特异性的PCR方法对P.gingivalis阳性样本进行基因分型检测.结果 高原组检测出P.gingivalis 77例,平原组检测出70例,高原组检出率高于平原组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).高原组牙周炎P.gingivalis各fimA基因型总检出率:Ⅰ型27例(35.1％),Ⅰb型24例(31.2％),Ⅱ型66例(85.7％),Ⅲ型10例(13.0％),Ⅳ型16例(20.8％),V型未检出,其中,ⅡfimA型的检出率最高,与其他各型比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);平原组样本中,Ⅰ型13例(18.6％),Ⅰb型21例(30.0％),Ⅱ型39例(55.7％),Ⅲ型8例(11.4％),Ⅳ型19例(27.1％),V型未检出,其中,ⅡfimA型的检出率最高,与其他各型比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).与平原组ⅡfimA型基因的检出率比较,高原组的检出率更高(P＜0.05).结论 高原组龈下菌斑中P.gingivalis的fimA基因型以Ⅱ型为主,且检出率高于平原组,但同时存在多态性,可能与高原地区慢性牙周炎的发生、发展关系密切.

Distribution diversity of fimA genotypes of Porphyromonas gingivalis in chronic periodontitis patients in plateau and plain

Objective To investigate the distribution difference of fimA genotypes of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.gingivalis) in chronic periodontitis patients living in plateau and plain environments.Methods Chronic periodontitis patients in the plateau (3 700 m altitude) and the plain (400 m altitude) were enrolled by stratified sampling,with 80 patients in each group.P.gingivalis in subgingival plaque samples were collected from the chronic periodontitis patients and was detected by 16S rRNA PCR.The fimA genespecific primers were designed and the distribution of fimA genotypes of P.gingivalis in the patients was detected by PCR.Results The detection ratio of P.gingivalis was 96.25％ in the plateau group,statistically higher than 87.5％ in the plain group (P ＜ 0.05).The distribution of 6 fimA genotypes in P.gingivalis-positive patients was as follows:type Ⅰ 35.1％,type Ⅰ b 31.2％,type Ⅱ 85.7％,type Ⅲ 13.0％,type Ⅳ 20.8％,and type Ⅴ 0 in the plateau group,while 18.6％,30.0％,55.7％,11.4％,27.1％,and 0 in the plain group.The detection ratio of type Ⅱ fimA genotype was highest,and the plateau group was higher than the plain group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion P.gingivalis with various fimA genotypes is present in the subgingival plaque samples from chronic periodontitis patients in the plateau environment,With higher detection rate than in the plain,and P.gingivalis with type Ⅱ fimA genotype is predominant,which may be associated with the development and progression of chronic periodontitis in the plateau.