重症急性胰腺炎合并大出血的防治

目的 总结重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)合并大出血的防治经验.方法 回顾性分析华中科技大学附属协和医院胰腺外科中心1999年-2008年收治的790例SAP患者中并发大出血患者65例的临床资料,按防治出血方法的不同将其分为两阶段,对前后两阶段SAP合并大出血的发病率、死亡率进行比较.结果 1999年1月至2003年12月收治387例SAP患者,并发大出血44例,其中以消化道大出血为主12例、以腹腔内大出血为主32例,发病率11.37%(44/387),死亡19例,死亡率4.91%(19/387);2004年1月至2008年12月收治403例SAP患者,并发大出血21例,其中以消化道大出血为主8例、以腹腔内大出血为主13例,发病率5.21%(21/403),死亡5例,死亡率1.24%(5/403);两期出血发病率和出血所致死亡率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 早期及时肠内营养和免疫治疗、有效腹腔引流及选择恰当手术时机和方式可能是降低SAP并发大出血的有效措施.

The prevention and treatment of massive bleeding complicated by severe acute pancreatitis

Objective To evaluate the prevention and treatment of massive bleeding complicated by severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Methods From 1999 to 2008,massive intraabdominal bleeding was encountered in 65 cases out of 790 SAP patients admitted in pancreas surgery center,Union Hospital.Results From 1999.1 to 2003.12.44 out of 387 SAP cases(11.37%)suffered from massive bleeding,among them there were 12 cases of gastrointestinal bleeding and 32 cases of intra-abdominal bleeding.19 cases died of hemorrhage(4.91%);From 2004.1 to 2008.12,severe hemorrhage occurred in 21 out of 403 SAP cases(5.21%),including 8 cases of gastrointestinal bleeding,and 13 cases of intra-abdominal bleeding.5 cases(1.24%)died.The difference of bleeding related morbidity and mortality was statistically significant between these two periods(P<0.01).Conclusions Early and timely enteral nutrition and immunotherapy,effective peritoneal drainage,and appropriate surgical laparotomy were effective measures to decrease the risk of massive bleeding related morbidity and mortality in SAP cases.