肾移植术后肺部感染的影像诊断

目的：探讨肾移植术后肺部感染的影像学诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析158例肾移植术后肺部感染患者的影像学资料，所有患者均有X线胸片，28例患者行CT检查。由三名有经验的医生进行双盲法阅片，然后共同分析并达成一致意见。结果：肾移植术后肺部感染的发生率为13．8％，其中主要的病原菌依次为细菌、真菌和病毒。影像学诊断为正常者30例（19．0％），诊断为肺纹理增多增粗模糊者44例（27．8％），肺部感染者84例（53．2％）。结论：胸片与CT扫描在肾移植术后肺部感染并发症的诊断中具有很重要的价值。

Imaging diagnosis of pulmonary infections after renal transplantation

Objective To explore the value of imaging diagnosis of pulmonary infections after renal transplantation.Methods A total of 158 patients with postoperative pulmonary infections were reviewed,including 58 patients with radiography and 28 cases with CT scan.The imaging appearances of these cases were independently reviewed in a double-blind method by three experienced radiologists to discuss the factors of CT misdiagnosis and form a consensus interpretation.Results Of 1142 kidney recipients,the pulmonary infected rate in the whole group was 13.8%.In the 158 patients,the main etiological causes according to their frequency and type were bacteria,fungus,virus,and so on.The postoperative pulmonary infections of renal transplantation were diagnosed as normal(28 cases,17.7%),increased lung markings(44 cases,27.8%) and pulmonary infection(84 cases,53.2%) by chest X-ray and CT.Conclusion Radiography and CT scan are very useful in the diagnosis of postoperative pulmonary infections of renal transplantation.