配方奶添加长链多聚不饱和脂肪酸对足月儿生长发育的影响

目的]拟探讨配方乳添加等量AA与DHA对中国部分地区足月婴儿生长发育的影响. 方法]271名足月健康新生儿,随机分配进入添加AA DHA配方喂养组(frisolac advanced,FA组)、未添加AA DHA配方喂养组(frisolac H,FH组),并选择26名纯母乳喂养儿(fully breast feding,BF组)为对照组.所有参与的婴儿在满3和6个月时邀请入院检测体重、身长、头围、智能发育指数(MDI),运动发育指数(PDI),并采集外周静脉血检测血浆长链多聚不饱和脂肪酸(LCPUFA)与血红蛋白. 结果]尽管两种配方喂养婴儿血清LCPUFA含量差异有显著性,但两组配方喂养婴儿在满3和6个月时体重、身长、头围、MDI、PDI差异无显著性.然而,本研究显示纯母乳喂养婴儿在6个月时体重和身长低于混合喂养婴儿(BF组 FA组),且BF组婴儿在6个月时血浆AA、DHA及与血红蛋白低于BF FA组婴儿. 结论]尽管添加AA∶DHA=1∶1的配方可以显著地增加婴儿血浆AA和DHA水平,但并不表明对现有的标准婴儿配方乳添加AA DHA可促进婴儿生长发育.

Growth and development in term infants fed formula milk with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation:a randomized, prospective study

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of equal amounts of AA and DHA supplementation on multiple indices of infant growth and development, and their adverse consequences. We conducted a randomised, prospective trial of the formula with and without AA+DHA, compared with an additional breast feeding reference group. The participants were 271 healthy full term babies. Infant weight, length, head circumference, Revised Bayley Mental and Psychomotor Development Indices (MDI, PDI) were assessed at 3th and 6th month, and serum LCPUFA status were also assessed. There were no significant differences between the two formula groups regarding weight, length, head circumference, and neurodevelopment index even after adjustment for gender and gestational age. However, AA+DHA supplemented group contained higher plasma AA and DHA concentration than the control formula group and reference group. Mixed fed babies with AA/DHA=1/1 supplementation showed better growth and neurodevelopment than fully breast feeding for 6 months.Conclusion] Although formula with AA+DHA supplementation might significantly increase the serum AA and DHA status of the infants, this study still did not provide convincing evidence to support the addition of AA+DHA to standard infant formula containing LA+ALA. However, this study did provide convincing evidence to recommend the supplementation of AA+DHA formula for fully breast feeding infants.