泌尿系结石成分450例分析

目的分析泌尿系结石患者的发病年龄及性别特点，探讨结石部位与患者年龄及性别的关系，根据结石不同成分采用不同预防措施。方法应用化学分析法对450例尿路结石做成分分析，结合临床资料，对尿路结石患者发病年龄、性别、结石部位及结石成分做对比分析。姑杲男性患者321例，高发年龄21～60岁；女性129例，高发年龄41～60岁；男性发病率是女性的2．49倍。发病部位肾脏结石319例（70．8％），输尿管结石115例（25．6％），膀胱结石16例（3．6％）；单一成分结石275例（61％），其中单纯草酸钙结石260例（57．7％），两种及以上混合成分结石175例（39．0％）。结论尿路结石的发病率及发病年龄存在着明显的性别差异；尿路结石发病部位主要为上尿路结石；单一成分结石以草酸钙为主，约40％的尿路结石为两种及以上混合成分结石。

Analysis of the composition of urinary stones in 450 patients

Objective To analyze the age and gender difference of patients with urinary stones, explore the relationship between the stone location and the gender and age, and to design a prevention strategy according to the different compositions of urinary stones. Methods The composition of 450 urinary stone samples was analyzed with chemolysis, and the age, gen- der, location and stone composition of the patients were studied. Results There were 321 male patients with high prevalence aged between 21 and 60 years, while 129 female patients with high prevalence aged between 41 and 60 years. The incidence of male patients was 2.49 times of that of female patients. 319 （70.8%） were kidney stones, 115 （25.6%） were ureteral stones, and 16 （3.6%） were bladder stones. 275 （61%） stones had single component, among which pure calcium stone was 260 （57.7%）. 175 （39.0%） stones had two or more than two components. Conclusions There was a significant gender differ- ence concerning the incidence and age between male and female patients who suffered from urinary calculi, and the most com- mon location of stones was the upper urinary tract. Calcium oxalate stones were the most common type in all the single-compo- nent stones. Around 40% urinary calculi were stones with two or more than two components.