生长激素对卵巢功能影响的研究进展

生长激素(growth hormone,GH)是由腺垂体前叶嗜酸性细胞分泌的一种肽类激素,体内和体外实验显示GH可调节生殖过程,它直接与卵巢上的生长激素受体(GH receptor,GHR)结合或通过胰岛素样生长因子(insulin-like growth factor,IGF)系统间接发挥作用,从而刺激卵泡的生长、成熟,易化排卵,调节雌、孕激素的水平。近期研究证实GH可提高线粒体活性,直接改善卵母细胞的质量。临床上,GH常作为卵巢低反应(poor ovarian response,POR)或高龄患者的辅助治疗药物。

Research progress on the effect of growth hormone on ovarian function

Growth hormone is a kind ofpeptide hormone,which is secreted by eosinophils in ademohypophysis.In vivo and in vitro experiments indicate that growth hormone (GH) has a role in reproductive processes.It regulates follicular growth,maturation,ovulation and the level of estradiol and progesterone by directly combining with the growth hormone receptors (GHR) in the ovary or connecting with the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system indirectly.Recent studies have confirmed that GH promotes the activity of mitochondria and improves the oocytes quality.In clinical practice,GH is typically used as an adjuvant therapy for poor ovarian response (POR) or elderly patients.This article summarizes the physiological function of GH and its mechanism on the ovary,as well as expounds the effects of GH on ovarian function from the aspects of follicular growth,maturation,ovulation and the regulation of steroids.