重庆市涪陵片区老年人群艾滋病流行特征分析

目的 分析重庆市涪陵片区2010 - 2017年老年人群HIV/AIDS的流行病学特征，为制定针对该人群的艾滋病防控措施提供科学依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2010 - 2017年涪陵区疾病预防控制中心艾滋病确证实验室确诊的涪陵片区≥50岁老年人群HIV/AIDS资料，对病例的流行病学特征进行分析。结果 2010 - 2017年确诊的涪陵片区老年HIV/AIDS病例共404例，占总确诊数的30.65%，呈逐年上升趋势（χ2 = 45.79，P＜0.01）。老年HIV/AIDS确诊时平均年龄为（60.76±8.52）岁，以男性（70.79%）、农民（70.30%）、已婚有配偶（68.81%）、小学及以下文化（66.58%）、其他就诊者检测发现（35.40%）、异性传播（90.35%）为主。异性传播中，男性更容易通过非婚异性性接触感染（χ2 = 106.80，P＜0.01），女性更容易通过配偶/固定性伴阳性性接触感染（χ2 = 121.57，P＜0.01）。确诊的病例中，146例在1年内检测过CD4，呈逐年递增的趋势（χ2 = 60.63，P＜0.01）。结论 涪陵片区老年艾滋病病例疫情发展较快，老年人群已成为重点防控对象，应根据其流行病学特征采取针对性的综合干预措施，控制HIV的传播。

Epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS among elderly in Fuling district of Chongqing

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS among elderly, in order to provide a scientific reference for developing AIDS prevention and control measures for the elderly. Methods Data of HIV/AIDS over 50 years old diagnosed in AIDS identification laboratory of Fuling center for disease control and prevention from 2010 to 2017 were collected through the Chinese disease prevention and control information system. The epidemiological characteristics were analyzed. Results The number of diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases aged over 50 were 404 in Fuling district from 2010 to 2017, accounting for 30.65% of the total. The proportion of the elderly cases increased over the years(χ2=45.79, P<0.01). The diagnosed average age was 60.76±8.52 years old. 70.79% of the target cases were male. Farmers accounted for 70.30%. The proportion of married with spouses was 68.81%. The education level of primary school and below accounted for 66.58%. Up to 35.40% was founded through other diseases detected. Heterosexual transmission was the main route of transmission accounting for 90.35%. In heterosexual transmission, men were more likely to be infected through non-marital heterosexual contact than women(χ2=106.80, P<0.01). In contrast, women were more likely to have positive contact infections through spouses/fixed partners than men(χ2=121.57, P<0.01). Among the confirmed cases, 146 cases had detected CD4 within 1 year, and the trend was increasing year by year(χ2=60.63, P<0.01). Conclusion The epidemic situation of elderly HIV/AIDS in Fuling district was developing rapidly. The elderly in this area became the targets for key prevention and control. Targeted comprehensive intervention measures should be taken against this population to control the spread of HIV.