犬MC1R基因多态性与毛色表型相关性的研究

目的利用PCR—RFLP技术检测犬MC1R基因中T105A位点的多态性，分析该多态性与犬毛色表型的相关性。方法抽取36只比格犬血液并提取DNA，记录毛色表型。采用PCR—RFLP技术，对MC1R基因T105A位点进行基因多态性分析。用相关分析的统计学方法分析位点多态性与毛色性状之间的相关性。结果PCR—RFLP分析结果表明，T105A位点序列具有多态性，表现为A、B二个等位基因和AA、AB及BB三种基因型。A、B等位基因频率分别为58．33％和41．67％，基因杂合度（H）为0．59。基因型从频率为33．33％，BB为16．67％，AB为50．00％。经统计分析结果表明MC1R基因多态性与毛色性状不存在显著的相关性，这可能与Agouti蛋白对毛色的影响有关。结论在比格犬中MC1R基因的T105A位点表现出明显多态性并与毛色性状无相关性。

The Research on the Relationship Between the Polymorphism of MC1R Gene and the Phenotype of Coat Color in Dogs

Objective The polymorphism of T105A in the canine MC1R were detected by the methods of PCR - RFLP in dogs, and the relationship between the genetics polymorphism and phenotype of dog coat color were analyzed. Methods The blood samples of 36 Beagle canines were taken and their genomes DNA were extracted. The phenotypes of dog coat color were recorded. The loci of T105A in the canine MC1R gene were detected through the technology of PCR - RFLP. The relationships between the polymorphism of T105A and coat color trait were analyzed by the statistical methods of correlation analysis. Results By the method of PCR - RFLP, the T105A polymorphism was found with two alleles A and B and three genotypes AA, AB and BB. The frequencies of two alleles were 58.33% and 41.67% respectively. The frequencies of three genotypes were 33.33% , 16.67% and 50. 00% respectively. According to the statistical analysis, no significant associations between the polymorphism of MC1R gene and the coat color were found and these results may be due to the influence of Agouti protein on the coat color. Conclusions The variations of T105A loci in MC1R gene had polymorphism of PCR - RFLP in Beagle canine.