病例学导式教学法在医学高职院校临床教学中的应用

目的探索一种培养医学高职学生临床思维能力、有助学生自己动手解决实际问题的临床教学方法。方法在课程设计理念上,病例学导式教学法依据认知结构理论、建构主义学习理论以及系统设计思想,提出开放环境、面向问题、情景模拟、教师引导、师生互动、评价反馈6个关键设计要素。在《内科学》课程中,以本教学法和传统教学法进行比较。结果该教学法在培养学生的创新性思维能力、自己解决实际问题的能力,以及培养学生团队协助精神、增强学生的学习兴趣等方面与传统教学法比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论该教学法在由知识、行为、情感领域构成的综合教学效能方面明显优于传统的教学方法。

Applying "Learning and Heuristics through the Cases" Teaching Method in Clinical Teaching at Higher Medical Vocational Schools

Objective To explore a kind of clinical teaching method which can help foster the clinical thinking and problem-solving ability of higher medical vocational students.Methods "Learning and heuristics through the cases" teaching method is designed according to the principle of cognition structure theory,constructionist learning theory and concept of systematic design.It puts forward six key design factors: open environment,addressing problems,situation simulation,teacher leading,interactions between teachers and students,and evaluation feedback.We compared the outcomes of this new method and the traditional teaching method applied in Medical Science course.Results This teaching method differs significantly from the traditional one in training students' creative thinking,problem-solving ability and team spirit as well as enhancing students' interest in study(P<0.01).Conclusion Compared with the traditional teaching method,this method produces obvious comprehensive teaching effects in knowledge,behavior and the emotional realm.