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Genotoxic and mutagenic properties of Bauhinia platypetala extract,a traditional Brazilian medicinal plant
Authors:Francisco José Borges dos Santos  Dinara Jaqueline Moura  Valéria Flores Péres  Angelo Regis de Moura Sperotto  Elina Bastos Caramão  Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo Cavalcante  Jenifer Saffi
Institution:1. Post-Graduation Program in Genetic and Applied Toxicology, Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas 92425-900, RS, Brazil;2. Department of Chemistry, Federal Institute of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil;3. Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology – Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil;4. Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil;5. Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutics Science, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil;6. College NOVAFAPI, Teresina 64073-505, PI, Brazil
Abstract:

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Bauhinia platypetala Burch. is a traditionally used Brazilian medicinal plant, although no evidence in the literature substantiates the safety of its use.

Aim of the study

The aim of this study was to investigate the safety of the ethanolic extract and the ethereal fraction of B. platypetala leaves.

Materials and methods

The identification of chemical compounds from the B. platypetala ethanolic extract and its ethereal fraction was performed by GC/MS and ESI-MS/MS. The plant’s toxicological, cytotoxic, mutagenic and genotoxic properties were determined in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains and V79 cell culture by survival assays and comet assay.

Results

The major compound identified in the B. platypetala ethanolic extract is palmitic acid, kaempferitirin and quercitrin, while the B. platypetala ethereal fraction was found to be rich in phytol, gamma-sitosterol and vitamin E. Moreover, the results indicated that the B. platypetala ethanolic extract has an anti-oxidative effect against H2O2 in yeast. In addition, the B. platypetala ethanolic extract did not induce mutagenic effects on the S. cerevisiae N123 strain, but the ethereal fraction of B. platypetala at higher concentrations (250–500 μg/mL) induced cytotoxicity and mutagenicity. A slight cytotoxic effect was observed in mammalian V79 cells; however, both the B. platypetala ethanolic extract and its ethereal fraction were able to induce DNA strand breaks in V79 cells, as detected by the alkaline comet assay.

Conclusion

The B. platypetala ethanolic extract has antioxidant action and showed absence of mutagenic effects in yeast S. cerevisiae. On the other hand B. platypetala ethereal fraction is mutagenic and does not show antioxidant activity in yeast. In mammalian cells B. platypetala ethanolic extract and it's ethereal fraction induce cyotoxic and genotoxic action.
Keywords:Bauhinia platypetala  Genotoxicity  Mutagenicity  Cytotoxicity  Eukaryotic cells
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