侵袭性真菌感染的诊治分析(附137例临床报告)

目的 分析侵袭性真菌感染(IFI)的临床特点,并总结治疗经验.方法 回顾性分析2000年1月～2006年6月并发IFI的ICU重症患者137例,男性91例,女性46例,年龄17～82岁.其中并发白色念珠菌感染65例,光滑球念珠菌感染36例,热带念珠菌感染28例,平滑念珠菌感染5例,克柔念珠菌感染2例,青霉菌感染1例.患者在入院后3天进行痰、尿、血和能采集的其他体液、引流物及分泌物的培养,每3天采集、培养1次.结果 137例IFI患者中并发出血42例(30.66%),出现念珠菌疹53例(38.69%),并发器官功能损害49例(35.77%).肺部影像学表现以累及肺尖的炎性渗出为特征.137例患者初治均应用氟康唑,其中64例治愈,治愈率46.72%.61例患者应用两性霉素B或脂质体治疗,39例治愈,治愈率63.39%;11例患者应用伏立康唑治疗,6例治愈,治愈率54.55%.137例患者中28例死亡,死亡率为20.4%.结论 侵袭性真菌感染常可引起器官水平出血、念珠菌疹、脏器功能损害、累及肺尖的炎性渗出性病变,氟康唑、两性霉素B及脂质体对其仍有较高疗效.

Clinical analysis of on one hundred and thirty seven cases with invasive fungal infection

Objective To analyze 137 cases of clinical invasive fungal infection (IFI), and to sum up clinical experiences in the treatment of early anti-fungal. Methods 137 patients with 91 males and 46 females, who suffered from invasive fungal infection in ICU from January 1, 2000 to June 30, 2006, were enrolled in this study. The age ranged from 17 to 82 years. Among 137 patients with IFI, the respective incidence of infection of Candida albicans, Candida glabirate, Candida tropicalis and Candida parapsilosis was 47.4%, 26.3%, 20.4% and 3.6%. The sputum, urine, blood and other excreta were collected for examination three days after admission and then every three days. Results Out of the 137 patients, 42 patients were complicated with hemorrhage (30.7%), 53 patients developed candida rash in the chest, abdomen and extremity (38.7%), and 49 patients developed organ dysfunction (35.8%). The chest films revealed that infiltration caused by IFI mainly occurred in the apex of lung in some patients. 137 patients were treated with fluconazole at first, and among them, 64 patients were cured. The cure rate was 46.7%. 39 patients out of 61 patients treated with Amphotericin B(AmB) or lipid AmB were cured. The cure rate was 63.9%. 11 patients were treated with voriconazole and 6 patients were cured. The cure rate was 54.5%. 28 patients failed to respond to the above therapy and died.The mortality was 20.4%. Conclusion The clinical symptons of IFI included hemorrhage, candida rash, organ dysfunction, and infiltration in apex of lung. Fluconazole and amphotericin B(AmB) or lipid AmB still have a good curative effect on invasive fungal infection.