儿童急性白血病的研究进展

急性白血病是儿童最常见的恶性肿瘤 ,既往治疗效果极差 ,进入 80年代以来 ,预后明显改善 ,目前 70 %的急性淋巴细胞白血病和 40 %的急性髓细胞白血病可长期无病生存。这种治疗的成功 ,既是有效联合化疗方法发展和支持治疗措施改进的结果 ,也与分子生物学的发展促进了白血病的细胞和分子遗传学研究 ,从而能更加准确地鉴定不同预后因素和采用针对性治疗有关。未来白血病的研究重点将集中在发展更加个体化的治疗上 ,以保证长期存活患儿的生存质量及针对耐药白血病探索诱导分化治疗、促凋亡治疗、免疫治疗和基因治疗等新的治疗途径

Recent advances in the biology and therapy of childhood acute leukemia

Leukemia is the most common form of childhood cancer, accounting for almost one third of all childhood malignancies. In recent years, the increased knowledge of the molecular and cellular biology underlying these pediatric leukemia, the development of more effective therapy, and advances in supportive care have substantially improved the outlook for children with leukemia. Today, more than 70% of children with ALL and 30%~40% children with AML will be in continuous complete remission 5 years after diagnosis, and most of these children will be cured . Certain forms of ALL have a 90% probability of cure, yet there is a group that is still very therapyresistant. The trend in the treatment of children with acute leukemia is toward the modification of therapy to treat specific subtypes of the disease and, more specifically , the targeting of the malignant cells with molecular and immunologic therapeutic strategies. The development of new drugs and treatment strategies and the circumvention of resistance mechanisms are major targets of current clinical investigation.