Preterm birth lifetime costs in the United States in 2016: An update |
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| Authors: | Norman J. Waitzman Ali Jalali Scott D. Grosse |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Economics, University of Utah, 260 Central Campus Dr., Salt Lake City, UT, USA;2. Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA;3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Atlanta, GA, USA;1. Vermont Oxford Network, Burlington, VT, USA;2. Department of Pediatrics, Robert Larner, MD, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA;3. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA;1. Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Royal Women''s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia;2. Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia;3. Research Office, The Royal Women''s Hospital, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia;4. Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children''s Research Institute, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia;5. Neonatal Services, The Royal Women''s Hospital, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia;1. Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK;2. Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK;3. Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK;1. Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA;2. Department of Neonatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;1. Neonatal Medicine, Kaiser Permanente, Panorama City, CA, United States;2. Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States;3. Dept of Pediatrics and Mathematics and Statistics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States;4. Vermont Oxford Network, Burlington, VT, United States;5. California Department of Health Care Services, California Children''s Services, Sacramento, CA, United States;6. Perinatal Epidemiology and Health Outcomes Research Unit, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States;7. Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States;8. Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States;9. The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, NH, Lebanon;1. Fetal and Neonatal Medicine Institute, Division of Neonatal Medicine, Children''s Hospital Los Angeles; Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, MS #31, Los Angeles, CA 90027, United States;2. Leonard D. Schaeffer Center for Health Policy and Economics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States;3. Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, United States |
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| Abstract: | The societal cost of preterm birth indicates potential economic gains from interventions that reduce the incidence of preterm birth. Changes in the epidemiology of preterm birth and healthcare costs require periodic updates to cost estimates. Previously reported incremental cost estimates for the United States in 2004 were updated. The discounted present value of the excess cost associated with prematurity for the 2016 US birth cohort was estimated to be $25.2 billion: $17.1 billion for medical care of persons born preterm, $2.0 billion for delivery care, $1.3 billion for early intervention and special education, and $4.8 billion in lost productivity due to associated disabilities in adults. The nominal and inflation-adjusted incremental costs per preterm birth increased by 26% and 4%, respectively, during 2004–2016. The aggregate cost decreased by 4%, associated with declines in overall births and the preterm birth rate and changes in the distribution by gestational age. |
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