Unilateral hydrothorax as a sole and recurrent manifestation of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome following in-vitro fertilization

Acute unilateral hydrothorax may appear as the sole extra-ovarianexpression of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). This casereport describes two such cases, in one of which the patient developed thisrare complication in two consecutive ovarian stimulation cycles. Awarenessis needed for the timely and appropriate diagnosis of this rarecomplication that occurs 9-14 days following human chorionic gonadotrophin(HCG) administration and may recur in consecutive stimulation cycles.Thoracocentesis and fluid balance maintenance are efficient modes oftherapy resulting in good outcome.