北京西城区中小学生肥胖现况调查与影响因素分析

目的：了解北京市西城区中小学生肥胖现况及其影响因素。方法：对3所小学和3所中学4525名6～17岁学生进行肥胖筛查和采用对照研究法研究其影响因素。结果：肥胖发生率为17.5％（男生20．4％，女生14．1％），男生明显高于女生；中小学生肥胖发生率高于该区历年水平，中、重度肥胖已占肥胖儿一半以上；男女生肥胖发生率高峰均为12岁。肥胖有家族聚集性，与过早添加固体辅食、特殊饮食（偏食）习惯，每日摄入主食量、体育锻炼时间等后天因素有关，而与父母文化程度以及婴儿出生体重无关。结论：加强健康教育，普及营养卫生知识，提高自我保健意识是减少儿童肥胖发生率的有效措施。

A Cross-sectional Study on Obesity and Its Correlates among Primary and Secondary Students in Xicheng District of Beijing

Objective:To understand the prevalence of obesity in primary and secondary school students and its possible causes.Method:Obesity was screened in 4 525 students selected by cluster sampling in three primary schools and three secondary schools,and its posible causes were studied by the method of case-control study.Results:The total obesity rate was 17.5% and the obesity rate for males was higher than for females (20.0% versus 16.1%. X2=31. 21, P < 0.05).The rate was the highest as compared with the results of previous studies conducted in this district .More than half of the obese students belonged in moderate to severe categories.The peak age of obesity was12 years among both boys and girls.Obesity showed a tendency towards familial aggregation and was also related to postnatal factors such as adding solid supplementary foods too early,dietary habit (paitiality for a particular king of food),quantity of staple foods consumed every day and physical exercise etc. However,there was no corre lation between the education levels of parents and bilth weight of children.Conclusion: Deteloping health education,popularizing nutrition and health knowledge and strengthening conscioushess of self-care are errective measures to control obesity ainong children.