北京市药品零售机构购药费用及原因

目的：了解北京市药品零售机构的购药费用水平及原因等。方法：分层抽样与典型抽样相结合，并采用问卷调查的方法开展调研。结果：药品零售机构购药人员中外来人员占25．02％，常住居民占74．98％；消费者在同仁堂药店的人均消费水平高于其它药店，外来人员在同仁堂和其它药店的人均消费水平都高于本地居民；外来购药费用总额为65．79亿元，占药品零售机构药品收入的25．41％，其中外来人员购药费用比例同仁堂药店为49．47％，其它药店为23．76％；外来人员选择在同仁堂购药，品牌因素的影响明显，选择其它药店则是基于方便；在药店购药的常住居民67．60％拥有医疗保险；但无论是否有医疗保险，大部分都会因为“药店买药方便”而选择在药店购药。结论：外来购药是北京市药品零售机构费用较高的重要原因；名优企业外来购药仍以短期来京人员的偶然购药行为为主；北京市常住居民中医保患者更倾向于医院买药，但零售药店还是吸引了相当数量的医保患者。建议：充分发挥北京市优质医药资源和传统药品企业优势，为发展健康产业服务；将零售药店纳入医保报销范围或合理引导医保患者在医疗机构就诊，减轻购药负担。

Expenditure and reasons for purchasing medicine in retail drug pharmacies in Beijing

Objective： To understand the expenditure and reasons for purchasing medicines in retail drug pharmacies in Beijing. Methods： Data was collected by questionnaire through stratified sampling and typical sampling. Results ： Purchasing medicines for non-local residents accounted for 25.02%, and purchasing medicines for local residents accounted for 74.98%. Per capita consumption of Tong Ren Tang is higher than other pharmacies, and per capita consumption of non-local residents is higher than local residents in drug retail pharmacies. Expenditure on medicines for non-local residents is 6. 579 billion yuan, accounting for 25.41% of drug income of retail pharmacies. The expenditure on medicines for non-local residents accounts for 49.47% in Tong Ren Tang and 23.76% in other phar- macies. Non-local residents chose to purchase medicines at Tong Ren Tang because of its brand advantage, and they chose to purchase medicines at other pharmacies because it is more convenient. 67.60% of local residents have health insurance. Regardless of whether residents have health insurance, most choose to purchase medicines at phar- macies because it is convenient. Conclusion ： Non-local residents medicine purchasing is one of the main reasons for the high proportion of pharmaceuticals expenditure at retail pharmacies. Most non-local residents purchased medicine in leading brand accidentally. Although retail pharmacies attracted a certain number of patients with medical insurance, these patients tend to purchase medicine at hospitals. Suggestion ： Beijing should make full use of its advantage in medical resource and traditional medicine for heahh industry development. In order to alleviate the burden on medical expenditure, retail pharmacies should be taken into the coverage of medical insurance or patients with medical insurance should be guided to visit a doctor appropriately.