骨髓基质干细胞在骨形成蛋白诱导下异位成骨及应用于人造骨的实验研究

目的 研究经分离培养的骨髓基质干细胞（MSC）在骨形成蛋白（BMP）诱导下在体内外的异位成骨效应，为研制一种本身具有成骨能力的人造骨材料提供实验依据。方法 分离、培养Wistar大鼠MSC，体外实验将MSC＋BMP分别在培养板和弥散小室内培养，体内实验将MSC＋BMP与人工珊瑚骨（CHA）制成复合移植体，种植在大鼠背肌内，用形态学、组织化学和免疫组化方法观察其成骨效应。结果 MSC在体外（培养板和弥散小室）只形成软骨基质，在体内复合移植体（CHA＋BMP＋MSC）形成骨质，其成骨效应比对照组A（CHA＋MSC）和对照组B（CHA）强。结论 复合移植体（CHA＋BMP＋MSC）有可能被研制成本身具有成骨能力的人造骨材料。除BMP外，移植体植入的机体和局部还存在其它诱导成骨的因子，进一步探讨这些因子的作用，将对研制这种理想的人造骨材料具有重要意义。

ECTOPIC OSTEOGENESIS OF BONE MARROW STROMAL CELLS INDUCED BY BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN

Objective To investigate the ectopic osteogenesis of bone marrow stromal cells (MSC) induced by bone morphogenetic protein(BMP) in vitro and in vivo , providing the experimental evidence for making an artificial bone with its own capacity of bone formation. Methods MSC were separated and cultured from bone marrow of Wistar rats, MSC were co cultured with BMP in vitro (cultured in plate and diffuse chamber). Artificial coral hydroxyapatites (CHA) with MSC and BMP were implanted into dorsal muscles of Wistar rats, their bone formation were observed by morphological examination, histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Results Only cartilaginous matrix were produced by MSC in vitro (cultured in plate and diffuse chamber), and both cartilaginous and bone matrix production within the combined grafts were seen. The bone formation of experimental groups (CHA BMP MSC) was stronger than that of control A(CHA MSC) and control B(CHA). Conclusion It may be possible to produce an artificial bone with its own capacity of bone formation by combined graft (CHA BMP MSC). There may be multiple factors as well as BMP inducing bone formation both in the whole body and the location of the implantation. Further research on these factors will have the significance for making the ideal artificial bone.