福州市2004—2007年突发公共卫生事件监测分析

目的 了解福州市突发公共卫生事件特点、监测质量及影响因素。方法 描述各级各类突发公共卫生事件频率、三间分布、报告时效性，采用SPSS统计软件进行分析。结果2004-2007年该市共报告突发公共卫生事件40起，罹患率10．106‰，死亡率0．053‰。事件分类以传染病和食物中毒为主，分别占60．00％和27．50％。突发事件好发于4月及7—9月，事件主要发生地为学校，占40．00％。在监测质量方面，从不同县区报告时效性看，各县区报告工作存在不均衡性，从事件类型看，食物中毒报告较及时，丙类传染病报告不及时。结论突发事件成为福州市主要的公共卫生问题。应加强落后地区丙类传染病的报告及时性，大力开展群众健康教育，提高自我保护能力。建立教育部门和卫生部门的合作机制，卫生行政部门将学校卫生工作纳入公共卫生体系，各级疾病控制机构加强对学校卫生的指导。

Analysis of Public Health Emergency Surveillance in Fuzhou during 2004-2007

[Objective] To understand the characteristics, monitoring quality and influencing factors of public health emergencies in Fuzhou. [Methods] The frequency, three dimensional distribution and report timeliness of various types and levels of public health emergencies were described and analyzed by SPSS statistical analysis software. [Results] 40 public health emergencies in Fuzhou were reported during 2004-2007,the incidence was 10. 106‰ and the mortality was 0.053‰. Events classifications based infectious diseases and food poisoning, respectively, accounting for 60.00% and 27.50%. Unexpected incidents mostly occurred in Apill,July and September, and took place mainly in schools （40.00%） In monitoring quality of the report timeliness from different counties and districts, the report work was unbalanced. In the types of events, food poisoning cases were reported in a timely manner, but infectious diseases C were not. [Conclusion] Unexpected events in Fuzhou become a major public health problem. The report timeliness of the backward areas and infectious diseases C should be strengthened. The government should carry out health education,improve the ability of self-protection and establish the co-operation mechanisms between education sector and health sector. School health work should be included in the public health system,and should be-strengthened under the guidance by disease control institutions.