早产的危险因素及对早产儿影响的临床分析

目的探讨早产危险因素及对早产儿的影响,降低早产发生率及围生儿的患病率和病死率.方法回顾性分析622例早产的主要高危因素,将其分为阴式分娩组和剖宫产组,对不同原因所致的早产儿预后进行比较.结果胎膜早破、多胎妊娠及妊高征是早产的主要因素;胎龄小死亡率高;剖宫产组和阴式分娩组早产儿的存活率及发病率差异有显著性(P＜0.05).结论早产是新生儿发病和死亡的主要原因,窒息及颅内出血是早产儿死亡的主要原因,早产不是剖宫产的禁忌证.

Clinical analysis of the risk factors of premature delivery and their effects on the premature infants

Objective:To discuss the main risk factors of premature delivery and their effects on the premature infants. Methods:To study the main risk factors,we colledted 622 cases of premature delivery,divided them to caesarean section group and vaginal delivery group,and analysed the prognosis of the prematurity for different causes.Results:Premature rupture of membrane,multiple pregnancy and pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome were the main risk factors of premature delivery;the mortality of prematurity increased along with the decrease of the gestational age especially less than 32 weeks;the mortality and morbidity(especially intracranial hemorrhage) of two groups were significantly different(P<0105). Conclusion:Premature delivery is the main cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality,asphyxia and intracranial hemorrhage are the main causes of neonate death,premature delivery is no contraindication of caesarean section.