角度基台修复后牙种植义齿的短期评价

背景：随着口腔种植修复技术的快速发展与适应证的不断扩大，角度基台的应用逐渐增多，后牙区作为口腔咬合的负重区，种植体承载的颌力大，对后牙区角度基台的评价具有更现实的临床指导意义。 目的：评价角度基台在后牙区种植义齿的短期临床效果。 方法：选择2008年1月至2013年1月来诊接受后牙区种植的114例患者，共植入175颗ITI种植体并完成单冠修复。根据基台的应用分为角度基台组与直基台组。测量两组修复后6个月、2年种植义齿牙周探诊深度、改良菌斑指数、改良龈沟出血指数与种植体周围年均骨吸收量，采用寿命表法计算两组种植义齿的5年累积存留率。 结果与结论：直基台与角度基台的种植义齿在牙周探诊深度、改良菌斑指数、改良龈沟出血指数方面比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。种植体周围年均骨吸收量差异也均无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。15°与20°角度基台的5年累积存留率为95.6%，直基台的5年累积存留率为96.4%。结果显示种植义齿的基台角度与种植体周围软组织健康及骨吸收程度无相关性，15°与20°的角度基台在后牙区种植义齿可以取得较好的临床修复效果，长期效果有待于进一步观察。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程全文链接：

A short-term assessment of angulated abutments for the implant denture restorations in posterior teeth

BACKGROUND:As the rapid development of oral implantation and restoration techniques, as well as the increasing enlargement of indications, angulated abutments have been widely used. Posterior teeth region, as the weight-loading region of occlusion, can bear great force from the implants, the assessment of angulated abutments in posterior teeth region has clinical value. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the short-term clinical efficacy of angulated abutments on the implant denture in posterior teeth region. METHODS:From January 2008 to January 2013, 114 patients with 175 ITI implants in the posterior teeth region were included in this study and they all underwent single-crown restoration. The involved patients were divided into angulated abutment group and straight abutment group. Periodontal probing depth, modified plaque index, modified sulcus bleeding index and peri-implant crestal bone loss in two groups were recorded at 6 months and   2 years after restoration. Cumulative survival rate of the implant denture was calculated by life-table analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in periodontal probing depth, modified plaque index, and modified sulcus bleeding index between two groups (P > 0.05). The annual crestal bone loss showed no significant difference between two groups (P > 0.05). Moreover, the 5-year cumulative survival rate with 15° and 20° abutments was 95.6%, and that with straight abutment was 96.4%. The angle of abutments has no correlation with peri-implant soft tissue and peri-implant crestal bone loss, implant restorations with 15° and 20° angulated abutments may be successfully used in the posterior region, whereas the long-term effects need further research.